{"id":9447,"date":"2020-01-15T23:01:20","date_gmt":"2020-01-15T20:01:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/avusturya-sarap\/"},"modified":"2020-01-15T23:01:20","modified_gmt":"2020-01-15T20:01:20","slug":"avusturya-sarap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/avusturya-sarap\/","title":{"rendered":"Avusturya \u015earap"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Avusturya \u2013 da\u011fl\u0131k olmayan, denize k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 \u00fclke, Orta Avrupa&#8217;da, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f ger\u00e7ek bir r\u00f6nesans ulusal \u015farap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k.\n <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/5e276757bd20c665f769c86f46823439.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\n Onca b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fekilde uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r tart\u0131\u015fmalara ve \u0131ss\u0131zl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde \u00f6nce asl\u0131nda ileri kenarlar\u0131 avrupa \u015farap end\u00fcstrisinin lideri, kalite ve yenilik, Avusturya s\u00fcmela aras\u0131nda bir denge bulmak gelenekleri t\u00fcr tatl\u0131 \u015farap \u0410\u0443\u0441\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0445 (Ausbruch), \u00absaman\u00bb \u0428\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u043d (Strohwein) kurulmas\u0131, modern bir \u015farap gibi \u00e7ok tan\u0131nan \u00f6rnekleri \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u0433\u0440\u044e\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u2013 delici, taze, dost.\n <\/p>\n<h2>\u00dcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/h2>\n<p>\nResmen \u00fcretiminde kaliteli avusturya \u015faraplar\u0131 izin 35 \u00fcz\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fitleri, bunlar\u0131n neredeyse \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi beyaz. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, ilk etapta \u00fcretim hacmi \u0433\u0440\u044e\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440, ikinci riesling.<br \/>\nEn iyi \u015farap bu \u00e7e\u015fitlerin yapmak b\u00f6lgelerde \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c, Wachau ve \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDi\u011fer beyaz \u00e7e\u015fitleri i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli \u015farap Avusturya: chardonnay, sauvignon blanc, \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433 ve pinot blanc (aust. \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 Weissburgunder).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAvusturya k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 yapmak \u00e7o\u011funlukla \u00e7e\u015fitleri \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0448, \u0446\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442, saint-laurent (veya \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442 laurent almanca), pinot noir (o \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 Blauburgunder).\n<\/p>\n<h2>Co\u011frafya \u015farap<\/h2>\n<p>\nAvusturya kalbinde yer almaktad\u0131r Avrupa aras\u0131nda, 46 ve 48 kuzey n \u2013 ile ayn\u0131 seviyede, orta Fransa ve g\u00fcney Almanya. Mant\u0131kl\u0131, burada biraz daha s\u0131cak Almanya&#8217;da yans\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r karakteri \u015farap: Avusturya \u00f6nem \u00e7ok daha fazla dikkat k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015faraplar, daha onun kuzey kom\u015fusu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAma \u015farap de\u011fil, \u00f6nemli olan sadece enlem. \u00d6nemli bir rol do\u011fum avusturyal\u0131 \u015farap oynar topografya. Manzara b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00fclkenin \u00f6zellikle bat\u0131 kesiminde hakim so\u011fuk Do\u011fu Alpler. Ve do\u011fuda s\u0131cak \u041f\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f (\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f) d\u00fcz.\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/5f4ae1cc501764249384a7ccc63d6275.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u015earap b\u00f6lgeler Avusturya merkezli, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak \u00fclkenin kuzey do\u011fusunda s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde federal arazi A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Avusturya (Niederosterreich), s\u0131n\u0131r Macaristan, \u00c7ek cumhuriyeti, Slovakya ve Slovenya.\n <\/p>\n<p>Akdeniz etkisi Avusturya \u00e7itle Alpler, bu nedenle burada iklim karasal, \u00f6nemli, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck ve mevsimlik s\u0131cakl\u0131k. Tabii ki, yerel aras\u0131ndaki iklim \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 yat\u0131yor geni\u015f bir yelpazede yerel \u043c\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432, baz\u0131 \u0441\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 b\u00fcy\u00fck, su gibi, nehir Tuna (g\u00fcney b\u00f6lgelerde) ve g\u00f6l\u00fc Neusiedl.\n <\/p>\n<p>\u015earap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k Avusturya g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr ge\u00e7mi\u015fe, Roma d\u00f6neminden beri. \u0130zleri ba\u011fc\u0131l\u0131k 2000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce bulunmu\u015ftur \u00e7evresi \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0443\u043c\u0430 (Carnuntum) ve \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430 (Thermenregion). Dik teraslar boyunca, Tuna nehri ve onun kollar\u0131 Wachau ve \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435 vard\u0131 d\u00fczenlenir ke\u015fi\u015f manast\u0131r Bavyera ve Salzburg. <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\u00dcz\u00fcm ba\u011flar\u0131 ve Damarlar aktif bir \u015fekilde destekledi gelene\u011fi \u00ab\u0445\u043e\u0439\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0435\u043d\u00bb (heurigen) \u2013 ulusal restoranlar ve tavernalar, hangi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lan gen\u00e7, yerel bir \u015farap. <\/p>\n<p>\u00c7o\u011fu 20. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avusturya ile ili\u015fkili b\u00fcy\u00fck tatl\u0131 \u015faraplar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitleri m\u00fcller thurgau ve \u0433\u0440\u044e\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440. Ama bug\u00fcn, \u00fcreticileri hobi, taze, kuru beyaz \u015farap, bir k\u0131sm\u0131 yetene\u011fine sahip iyi geli\u015ftirmek. <\/p>\n<p>Bu terfi ve skandal 1985 y\u0131l\u0131na baz\u0131 \u015faraplar seri \u00fcretim ke\u015ffetti oksidietanol \u2013 \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015feni end\u00fcstriyel antifriz, bir vicdans\u0131z \u00fcreticileri ekledi \u015farap yapmak i\u00e7in ona daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tatl\u0131l\u0131k ve yo\u011funlu\u011fu. <\/p>\n<p>Bu bir skandal haline gelmi\u015ftir i\u00e7in bir felaket \u015farap end\u00fcstrisi Avusturya a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan itibar ve ihracat\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan. Sonra tan\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131 yasalar ve \u015farap sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc canland\u0131rmak ba\u015fard\u0131.\n<\/p>\n<h2>B\u00f6lgeler ve s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/h2>\n<p>\n \u015earap kart Avusturya sunulan 13 ana b\u00f6lgeleri, bunlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 idari birim, b\u00f6l\u00fcm sunulmu\u015ftur saf \u015farap kategorileri kontroll\u00fc isimleri ile men\u015fe \u015farap (\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya bak\u0131n\u0131z). <\/p>\n<p><strong>Temel \u015farap b\u00f6lgeler Avusturya:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434 (Bergland)<\/li>\n<li> Burgenland (Burgenland)<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0443\u043c (Carnuntum)<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c (Kamptal)<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c (Kremstal)<\/li>\n<li> A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Avusturya (Niederosterreich)<\/li>\n<li> Styria (Steiermark)<\/li>\n<li> \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d (Thermenregion)<\/li>\n<li> \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c (Traisental)<\/li>\n<li> Viyana (Wien)<\/li>\n<li> Wachau (Wachau)<\/li>\n<li> Wagram (Wagram)<\/li>\n<li> \u0412\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c (Weinviertel)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avusturya&#8217;da sistemi tan\u0131tt\u0131 \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u2013 <strong>DAC<\/strong> (Districtus Austriae Controllatus), analog frans\u0131z AOC. Gibi ve di\u011fer benzer sistemlerde, burada \u00f6zel gereksinimleri \u015faraplar\u0131 ile farkl\u0131 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda hektar ba\u015f\u0131na, kale, al\u0131nt\u0131lar, duba vb. Anlam, tabii ki, gibi, sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, t\u00fcketici \u015farap uyumu g\u00f6steren DAC klasik stili bu b\u00f6lgede.\n <\/p>\n<p>2018 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avusturya&#8217;da kuruldu ve <strong>13 kategoride DAC:<\/strong><\/p>\n<li>\u0412\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0440\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434 DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433 DAC<\/li>\n<li> Eisenberg DAC<\/li>\n<li> Neusiedl DAC<\/li>\n<li> Wiener \u0413\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0446 DAC<\/li>\n<li> Rosalia DAC<\/li>\n<li> Volkanik Styria DAC<\/li>\n<li> G\u00fcney Steiermark DAC<\/li>\n<li> Bat\u0131 Styria DAC<\/li>\n<p>\n Avusturya \u015farap yasalar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00fcveniyor yasalar\u0131 kom\u015fu Almanya. Avusturya \u015farap s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma ve kalite dayanmaktad\u0131r yo\u011funluk wort (\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u00e7ilek, \u00fcz\u00fcm) ve \u041a\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 tablo (Klosterneuburger Mostwaage veya KMW).<\/p>\n<p> Ay\u0131rt <strong>3 seviye kaliteli avusturya \u015faraplar\u0131<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Tafelwein \u2013 sofra \u015farab\u0131<\/li>\n<li> Qualitatswein \u2013 kaliteli \u015farap<\/li>\n<li> Pradikatswein \u2013 \u015farap \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131f ile farkl\u0131l\u0131klar (\u00fcretim)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Terminoloji avusturya etiketleri de benzer bir alman, ama gereksinimleri \u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 wort biraz daha y\u00fcksek (hala s\u0131cak b\u00f6lge).\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Wachau b\u00f6lgesinde, hangi hala yok onun DAC, \u00f6zellikle endi\u015feli kaliteli \u00fcreticiler geli\u015ftirdi onun \u00fc\u00e7 katmanl\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma sistemi:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0428\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435 (Steinfeder) en hafif, taze \u015farap<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0448\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044c (Federspiel) \u2013 daha yo\u011fun ve \u015f\u0131k<\/li>\n<li> \u0417\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0434 (Smaragd) \u2013 en tam te\u015fekk\u00fcll\u00fc ve zengin<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Kaynak: wine-searcher.com May 2019 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avusturya \u2013 da\u011fl\u0131k olmayan, denize k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 \u00fclke, Orta Avrupa&#8217;da, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f ger\u00e7ek bir r\u00f6nesans ulusal \u015farap\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k. Onca b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fekilde uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r tart\u0131\u015fmalara ve&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9447","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ilgili-bilgiler"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9447","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9447"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9447\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9447"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9447"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9447"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}