{"id":8220,"date":"2020-01-14T21:48:56","date_gmt":"2020-01-14T18:48:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/chemia-vina-vo-flasi-a-nove-sviecky\/"},"modified":"2020-01-14T21:48:56","modified_gmt":"2020-01-14T18:48:56","slug":"chemia-vina-vo-flasi-a-nove-sviecky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/chemia-vina-vo-flasi-a-nove-sviecky\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u00e9mia v\u00edna vo f\u013ea\u0161i a nov\u00e9 svie\u010dky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"cite\">\n Neznie ve\u013emi vzru\u0161uj\u00face, viete. Ale je to tu, sn\u00e1\u010f, do\u0161lo najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie objavy posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed sa v boji za kvalitu v\u00edna.\n <\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/24291fa9e394945abf7ea6a00f332f3f.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nPred 20 rokmi, pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho korku bol prakticky monopol v prostriedkom na tesnenie f\u013ea\u0161e v\u00edna. A ona sa vyrovnalo s zl\u00e9, aby som bol \u00faprimn\u00fd. Najm\u00e4, Austr\u00e1l\u010danov boli dos\u0165 probl\u00e9mov so zak\u00fapen\u00fdm r\u00fary: odhady r\u00f4znorod\u00e9, ale vo V\u0161eobecnosti, a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161ky 10% z v\u00edna, farmy boli zni\u010den\u00e9, preto\u017ee &#8222;korku choroba&#8220; alebo pred\u010dasnou oxid\u00e1ciou, preto\u017ee probl\u00e9my s \u0148ou. Probl\u00e9m h\u013eadanie alternat\u00edv bolo ve\u013emi v\u00e1\u017ene.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPrv\u00fd ocele vzoriek r\u00farky z plastov.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nSyntetick\u00e9 prvej gener\u00e1cie bola vytvoren\u00e1 prostredn\u00edctvom modelovania a ove\u013ea hor\u0161\u00ed modern\u00e9 vzory. Aj napriek nedostatky (z ktor\u00fdch jeden bol probl\u00e9m s odstr\u00e1nen\u00edm z f\u013ea\u0161e), korok m\u00e1 dosiahnu\u0165 skromn\u00e9, ale \u00faspech v polovici 1990.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nMedzi \u010fal\u0161ie hlavn\u00e9 s\u00fa\u0165a\u017eiacich nahradi\u0165 bol skrutkovac\u00edm uz\u00e1verom. To sa sna\u017eil zavies\u0165 v Austr\u00e1lii sp\u00e4\u0165 v roku 1970, ale spotrebite\u013e nerozumie, a pokus zlyhal.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nZopakujte krok sa stalo v roku 1999, ke\u010f v\u00fdrobca Orlando rozhodla ukon\u010di\u0165 svoje top Rizling r\u00fdnsky ako tradi\u010dn\u00e9 korku a skrutkovac\u00edm uz\u00e1verom. Ako v\u00fdsledok, predaj skrutku f\u013ea\u0161e obi\u0161iel tradi\u010dn\u00e9. A potom v roku 2000 nieko\u013eko pestovate\u013eov z Clare Valley sa spojili a op\u00e4\u0165 sa vydali ich Rizlingu s skrutkovac\u00edm uz\u00e1verom, sprev\u00e1dzan\u00e9 to ve\u013ea nad\u0161enia v m\u00e9di\u00e1ch.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPo vin\u00e1rov na Novom Z\u00e9lande s\u00fa pr\u00edli\u0161 r\u00fdchlo skrutku va\u0161e \u010derstv\u00e9 Sauvignon newfangled vie\u010dka.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTak sme sa o pr\u00edrodn\u00e9 vedy.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nPotom sme mali predstavu, \u017ee \u00faloha trubice je na vypnutie f\u013ea\u0161e, tak ako nie je schopn\u00fd prenikn\u00fa\u0165 do vzduchu a nie \u00faniku v\u00edno. \u010co ch\u00fdbalo, je pochopenie \u00falohy, ktor\u00fa zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa trubice pr\u00edstup na f\u013ea\u0161u micro-d\u00e1vky kysl\u00edka a obrovsk\u00fd vplyv na stav a v\u00fdvoj v\u00edno vo f\u013ea\u0161i.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Priekopn\u00edkom \u0161t\u00fadia tejto t\u00e9my bol Austr\u00e1lske V\u00edno V\u00fdskumn\u00fd \u00dastav (AWRI), ktor\u00e9 otvorili v\u0161etky na\u0161e o\u010di na z\u00e1zraky v\u00edna ch\u00e9mia v uzavretej f\u013ea\u0161i.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0160t\u00fadia vystupoval rovnak\u00e9 v\u00edno \u2013 unseasoned dub v Semillon 1999, Clare Valley \u2013 zatvoren\u00e9 14 r\u00f4znych typov trubiek. V\u0161etky f\u013ea\u0161e pre\u0161li testy na chu\u0165 a in vitro v rovnak\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch intervaloch. V skratke, v\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee syntetick\u00e9 trubice pou\u017eit\u00e9 v tomto experimente, netrafil pr\u00edli\u0161 ve\u013ea kysl\u00edka, \u010do vedie k pred\u010dasn\u00e9mu starnutiu a peroxidation v\u00edna.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nIndik\u00e1tory jeden kus pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho korku, boli lep\u0161\u00ed priemer, ale rozdiely medzi vzoriek bolo v\u00fdznamn\u00e9, plus niektor\u00e9 dne f\u013ea\u0161e &#8222;korku choroby&#8220;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTechnick\u00e9 trubice (\u010do je aglomer\u00e1t \u2013 ie lisovan\u00fdch omrvinky \u2013 ale s pevnou oblo\u017eenia na okrajoch cca.transl.) uk\u00e1zal dobr\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky v oblasti priechod kysl\u00edka, s hlad\u0161ie v\u00fdsledky a dobr\u00fa schopnos\u0165 zachova\u0165 svie\u017eos\u0165 v\u00edna. Ale &#8222;korku choroba&#8220; ovplyvnila ich pr\u00edli\u0161, aj ke\u010f v men\u0161ej miere.\n<\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/32206afce2bdb1e36a8c5b6de032a2ac.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nSkrutka bola l\u00eddrom, pokia\u013e ide o zachovanie \u010derstvosti mlad\u00e9ho v\u00edna, ale neprijat\u00e9 tak m\u00e1lo kysl\u00edka, ktor\u00e9 ar\u00f3ma v\u00edna mali charakteristick\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie odtiene gumy a jemne mlet\u00e1 paz\u00farik.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nJe potrebn\u00e9 poznamena\u0165, \u017ee pre korunkov\u00fdch mno\u017estvo prietoku vzduchu z\u00e1vis\u00ed od pou\u017eit\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, s nimi podlo\u017eky. Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie dva typy s ve\u013emi odli\u0161n\u00fdmi vlastnos\u0165ami.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nV experimente sa pou\u017eili jeden s kovov\u00fdm povlakom (na \u013eavej strane Obr. ni\u017e\u0161ie). Tak\u00e9to zatvoren\u00e9 takmer v\u0161etky v\u00edna z Austr\u00e1lie a na Nov\u00fd Z\u00e9land. Ujde, ve\u013emi m\u00e1lo kysl\u00edka.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDruh\u00fd typ je polym\u00e9r p\u00e1sy Saranex (vyr\u00e1ba Dow Chemical) maj\u00fa pripustil menej kysl\u00edka ako syntetick\u00fd korok, ale trochu viac ako organick\u00e9ho celku.\n<\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/0cc4e49d9dbbbe70a3a50ba72e0e4fce.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nZ\u00e1ver z tejto \u0161t\u00fadie je, \u017ee vin\u00e1rstvo nie je obmedzen\u00e1 na javisku plnenie do flia\u0161. Objem pod trubice vzduchu ovplyv\u0148uje stav s\u00fakromn\u00e9 obsah a v\u00fdsledok \u2013 chu\u0165 a chu\u0165, ktor\u00e1 si nalia\u0165 do poh\u00e1ra.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nNemo\u017en\u00e9 zastavi\u0165 \u017eivote \u010das v\u00edna, umiestnenie v \u00faplne uzavret\u00e9 n\u00e1doby. V\u00edno sa st\u00e1le vyv\u00edja po plnenie do flia\u0161, a preto je ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 zvoli\u0165 si trubice typu, ktor\u00fd bude najlep\u0161ie zodpoveda\u0165 \u0161t\u00fdlu v\u00edna a predpokladan\u00fd \u010das jeho spotreba.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDnes od pribli\u017ene vyznania je 18,3 miliardy eur ro\u010dne flia\u0161 vyroben\u00fdch asi 5.7 miliardy v bl\u00edzkosti alternat\u00edvne druhy dopravy. Vin\u00e1ri sa teraz venova\u0165 pozornos\u0165 ot\u00e1zke pr\u00edstupu kysl\u00edka vo f\u013ea\u0161i, jeho vplyv na ch\u00e9mie v\u00edno, ke\u010f do flia\u0161 a \u010fal\u0161ieho skladovania. A v\u00fdrobcovia z pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho korku sa sna\u017eia zn\u00ed\u017ei\u0165 percento jeho znehodnoteniu v\u00edna od &#8222;korku choroby&#8220;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Neznie ve\u013emi vzru\u0161uj\u00face, viete. Ale je to tu, sn\u00e1\u010f, do\u0161lo najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ie objavy posledn\u00fdch desa\u0165ro\u010d\u00ed sa v boji za kvalitu v\u00edna. Pred 20 rokmi,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-suvisiace-informacie"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8220"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8220\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}