{"id":7768,"date":"2020-01-14T14:40:43","date_gmt":"2020-01-14T11:40:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/tokaj\/"},"modified":"2020-01-14T14:40:43","modified_gmt":"2020-01-14T11:40:43","slug":"tokaj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/tokaj\/","title":{"rendered":"Tokaj"},"content":{"rendered":"

Tokaj (Tokaj), sau Tokaj-\u0425\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0439\u044f (Tokaj-Hegyalja) pentru o lung\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp este cel mai eminen\u021bi regiunii viticole din Ungaria, \u00een principal datorit\u0103 lor divin-dulce \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c \u2013 acela\u0219i \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c vinurile Tokaj, \u00een special, Tokaji Asz\u00fa.\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen cea mai Ungariei regiunea at\u00e2t de mult apreciem c\u0103 nici m\u0103car men\u021bionat \u00een imnul na\u021bional cuvinte de mul\u021bumire lui dumnezeu pentru c\u0103 Tokaj sz\u0151l\u0151vesszein nekt\u00e1rt csepegtett\u00e9l \u2013 „v\u0103rsat de nectar-de-vie \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f”. Iar pe etichete sub coroana inscriptionate cuvintele „Vinum Regum, Rex Vinorum” (Vinul regilor, regele vinurilor). <\/p>\n

Tip Tokaj<\/h2>\n

\n \u00cen jurul denumirii de Tokaj o lung\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp s-au purtat controverse juridice, \u00een special cu 1990, c\u00e2nd Ungaria a introdus reguli rigide \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te lor de vinifica\u021bie.\n <\/p>\n

\u00cen anul 2007, tip Tokaj capete statutul de protejat denumirii de origine, a utiliza, care este permis\u0103 numai produc\u0103torilor din regiunea Tokaj-Hegyalja.<\/p>\n

Uniunea european\u0103 a aprobat aceast\u0103 norm\u0103 \u00een ciuda tare protestele produc\u0103torilor de Alsacia, (\u00een cazul \u00een care Tokay mul\u021bi ani a fost folosit ca sinonim cu a soiului pinot gris), precum \u0219i a italienilor din Friuli (\u00een cazul \u00een care cuv\u00e2ntul Tocai \u00een mod tradi\u021bional desemnau un soi de \u0444\u0440\u0438\u0443\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043e).\n<\/p>\n

\n Regiunea este situat \u00een nord-estul Ungariei, la grani\u021ba cu Slovacia. Acesta este de aproximativ 30 de ora\u0219e \u0219i sate pe o suprafa\u021b\u0103 aproximativ egal\u0103 de Aur Panta Burgundia (Cote d ‘ Or). De sud, marginea sa este \u00een valoare ora\u0219ul Tokaj, a dat numele de \u00eentreaga regiune \u0219i vinurile. \u00cempreun\u0103 cu el, cele mai importante centre de vinifica\u021bie din regiune sunt orasului Madrid (M\u00e1d) \u0219i \u0422\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0430\u043b\u044c (Tarcal).\n <\/p>\n

Clima \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f, protejat de arcul mun\u021bilor Carpa\u021bi, relativ cald. Solului din regiune \u2013 mozaic din cele mai diferite tipuri. Pe versan\u021bi predomin\u0103 argil\u0103 vulcanic\u0103, la picioare \u0219i la c\u00e2mpii \u2013 \u00een cea mai mare parte loess \u0219i alte roci sedimentare. Pe malurile r\u00e2ului Bodrog, care curge de-a lungul frontierei de est a regiunii, predomin\u0103 solurile nisipoase, \u00een special \u00een imediata apropiere a ora\u0219ului Tokaj.\n <\/p>\n

Soiuri de struguri<\/h2>\n

6 soiuri de struguri oficial admise \u00een produc\u021bia de vin de Tokaj.\n <\/p>\n

Principalele 3 soiuri:<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0424\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0442 (Furmint, 60% plantare \u00een regiune), \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0448\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u044e (H\u00e1rslevel\u0171) \u0219i muscat galben (local. S\u00e1rga Muskot\u00e1ly), \u00een aceast\u0103 ordine de valoare.\n <\/p>\n

\u0424\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0442, dominant\u0103 \u00een \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0445, cunoscut ridicat de aciditate, un con\u021binut ridicat de zah\u0103r \u0219i luminos aromatice profil. Primele dou\u0103 caracteristici ofer\u0103 vinurile un poten\u021bial foarte mare la viteza obturatorului, iar al treilea \u2013 de recunoscut natura, deosebe\u0219te de alte bine-cunoscute vinuri dulci din lume.\n <\/p>\n

Clasic bland Asu (a se vedea mai jos) include toate aceste trei soiuri.<\/p>\n

Muscat, de obicei, este destul de o mica parte din ea. Cu toate acestea, se \u00eent\u00e2lnesc \u0219i \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 de vin, chiar \u0219i de 100% de muscat, de genul original Muskot\u00e1lyos Asz\u00fa.\n <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Celelalte trei soiuri:<\/b><\/p>\n

Zeta (Z\u00e9ta), anterior fosta \u043e\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443\u0441 (Oremus) \u2013 un hibrid de soiuri \u0444\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0442 \u0219i \u0431\u0443\u0432\u044c\u0435 (Bouvier).\n <\/p>\n

\u041a\u0430\u0431\u0430\u0440 (Kabar) \u2013 hibrid \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0448\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u044e \u0219i \u0431\u0443\u0432\u044c\u0435.\n <\/p>\n

\u041a\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435 (K\u00f6v\u00e9rsz\u0151l\u0151 ) \u2013 rom\u00e2n\u0103-soi originar din Transilvania, cunoscut sub numele de grasa de Cotnari (\u0440\u0443\u043c\u044b\u043d\u0441\u043a. Gras\u0103 de Cotnari) sau Resertraube.\n <\/p>\n

\u00cen 18-19 secole a fost un soi de \u0433\u043e\u0445\u0435\u0440 (Goher), care a jucat un rol important \u00een produc\u021bia de vinuri Asu si Otet, dar acest soi de \u0441\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b \u00een epidemia de filoxer\u0103 \u00een anii 1880. Acum au loc experimente privind regenerarea \u0219i utilizarea moderne \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0430\u044f\u0445, dar at\u00e2ta timp c\u00e2t el nu este inclus \u00een lista oficial\u0103. <\/p>\n

Select\u0103 dulce \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/h2>\n

\n Asu (Asz\u00fa)<\/strong> este o categorie de dulci \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 de vinuri, adic\u0103 vinuri din fructe de padure afectate de „putregai nobil” Botrytis cinerea, selectat cu vi\u021b\u0103 de vie manual. Aceasta ciuperca usuc\u0103 struguri de vi\u021b\u0103 de vie, cresc\u00e2nd concentra\u021bia de zaharuri \u0219i cucerind vin din astfel de fructe de padure speciale arom\u0103 de miere \u0219i fructe tropicale.\n <\/p>\n

Dulceata de vinuri Asz\u00fa este definit \u00een „\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0448” (puttonyos). Puttonyo, literal, „spinal” \u2013 acest nume mari \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 co\u0219uri pentru culesul strugurilor, cu o capacitate de 25 de kg de astfel de co\u0219uri cu \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c struguri la 136 litri butoi baz\u0103 de vin sec \u00een mod tradi\u021bional, folosit \u00een \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0435 pentru a determina dulciuri de vinuri Ams. <\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\u00cen condi\u021biile actuale, acest sistem este transformat \u00eentr-o mai precis\u0103, cu m\u0103surarea \u00een grame nivelul de zah\u0103r pe litru de vin.<\/p>\n

Trei \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0448 \u2013 Asz\u00fa 3 puttonyos \u2013 corespund 60 de grame de zah\u0103r pe litru de vin. Din 1945, \u00een 2014 aceasta a fost inferioar\u0103 planck dulciuri de vinuri Asu (p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1945 minim a fost de 2 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0448). Fiecare urm\u0103torul \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043e \u2013 este un plus 30 gl la meniul anterior.\n <\/p>\n

Din 2014 din categoria Asz\u00fa excluse de vin 3 \u0219i 4 puttonyos. De atunci categorie este reprezentat\u0103 de vinurile 5 puttonyos (120gl) \u0219i 6 puttonyos (150gl)<\/p>\n

Fermentarea dureaz\u0103 c\u00e2teva luni. Apoi, vinul este maturat 3-8 ani \u00een \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 manier\u0103, adic\u0103 cu acces de oxigen. <\/p>\n

Asu produc \u00een fiecare an. Ori de c\u00e2te ori este vinificator de a decide este bun dac\u0103 actuala cultur\u0103 pentru producerea acestui vin. <\/p>\n

Tokaji Asz\u00fa Eszencia (Tokaj Aszu de Otet)<\/strong> \u2013 este un vin cu un con\u021binut de zah\u0103r rezidual mai mult de 180 gcp La astfel de vinuri au \u00eencetat s\u0103 indice num\u0103rul de \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0448, dar se poate spune c\u0103 acestea corespund valorilor 7-10 puttonyos.<\/p>\n

Termenul Asu Otet este cunoscut de la \u00eenceputul secolului al 19-lea. \u00cen „anul cometei” (1811) a fost lansat primul vin, care a fost lansat\u0103 pe pia\u021b\u0103 cu o astfel de indica\u021bie. Oficial\u0103 de categoria a devenit \u00een 1970\u0445 \u0219i a r\u0103mas \u00een uz p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2009.<\/p>\n

\n\u00cen anul 2009 categorie Tokaji Asz\u00fa Eszencia a fost oficial desfiin\u021bat\u0103, pentru a nu crea confuzie cu Tokaji essencia al hotelului novotel este<\/p>\n

Tokaji essencia al hotelului novotel este (Tokaj esen\u021b\u0103 de o\u021bet)<\/strong> \u2013 cea mai dulce varianta cu un con\u021binut de zah\u0103r \u00een produsul finit vina nu mai pu\u021bin de 450 gl. \u00cen unele probe se poate ajunge la 800 gl. Se face din suc de \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e de struguri, \u0432\u044b\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e de gravita\u021bie sub propria greutate fructe de padure. Fermentarea astfel mustului dureaz\u0103 extraordinar de mult: c\u00e2\u021biva ani vin poate apela doar 5-7 grade ABV.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

O b\u0103utur\u0103 cu o astfel de dulcea\u021b\u0103 \u0219i o cetate, \u00een general, este dificil de a considera un vin. Este nediluat, u\u0219or \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 suc de \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 boabe de struguri. Nu e de mirare c\u0103 Eszencia \u2013 cele mai rare \u0219i scumpe din vinuri de tip Asz\u00fa, da \u0219i una dintre cele mai scumpe, printre vinuri dulci din lume.\n<\/p>\n

\u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 Tokaj<\/h2>\n

\n Szamorodni (moldovei. literal „cum s-a n\u0103scut”) \u2013 \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 vin, care nu Asz\u00fa. Acest vin se bucur\u0103 de mult mai pu\u021bin\u0103 aten\u021bie tartric publicului. Nume polonez este asociat istoric cu piata de desfacere a acestui tip maghiar de vin. <\/p>\n

\u00cen acei ani, c\u00e2nd pe de vi\u021b\u0103 de vie doar c\u00e2teva fructe de padure sunt sub influen\u021ba \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0430, de a produce un manual de selec\u021bie punct de vedere economic, \u0219i recolta este eliminat \u00een \u00eentregime. Adic\u0103, un astfel de vin se ob\u021bin din culturi, \u00een care este prezent\u0103 o parte din \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 de fructe de padure, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu obi\u0219nuite.<\/p>\n

Tokaji szamorodni<\/strong> (Tokaj \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438), de asemenea, \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bit la con\u021binutul de zah\u0103r: de la uscat sz\u00e1raz (\u0441\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0437) \u00eenainte de dulce \u00e9des (\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0448). \u00cen dulci con\u021binutul minim de zah\u0103r 30 g\/l.\n<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Tipic Tokaji szamorodni con\u021binutul de zah\u0103r este comparabil cu 2-3 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0442\u043e\u043d\u044c\u043e\u0448. Aceasta este, de obicei vin cu o vechime de c\u00e2\u021biva ani, \u0219i u\u0219or \u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c caracter. Uscate versiunea amintesc spaniol jerez \u0219i francez „yellow vin” (fr. vin jaune).\n<\/p>\n

Uscat \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435<\/h2>\n

\n \u00cen secolul 21 tot mai mare popularitate a \u00eenceput s\u0103 capete seci tokaj \u2013 \u00een conformitate globale de consum de trend. Uscate \u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 pot fi \u00eemp\u0103r\u021bite \u00een dou\u0103 categorii.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Fermentate \u00een cuve din o\u021bel proaspete de vin, care este perfect \u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u00een primii ani de dup\u0103 recoltare<\/li>\n
  • Mature din lemn de stejar vin cu poten\u021bial<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0218i dac\u0103 \u00een prima categorie par\u021bial folosesc \u0431\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 struguri, cea de-a doua (relativ grav\u0103 din categoria vinurilor seci) parfumurile sale nu sunt destul de relevante. De obicei, pe etichet\u0103 se indic\u0103 soiul de struguri, \u0219i, de obicei, este \u0444\u0443\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0442.\n<\/p>\n

    \n Recoltarea \u00een \u0422\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0435 este un acut evenimentul este compus din mai multe etape.
    \n Primele fructe de padure, colectate \u00een luna septembrie, merg la produc\u021bia de \u043d\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 popularitatea vinurilor seci. Pre\u021bioas\u0103 recolta de biscuiti uscate de fructe de padure pentru Asz\u00fa adun\u0103 c\u00e2teva s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni mai t\u00e2rziu, uneori, acest strugurii r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een vi\u021b\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een decembrie.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Tokaj (Tokaj), sau Tokaj-\u0425\u0435\u0434\u0436\u0430\u0439\u044f (Tokaj-Hegyalja) pentru o lung\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp este cel mai eminen\u021bi regiunii viticole din Ungaria, \u00een principal datorit\u0103 lor…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7768","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informatii-conexe"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7768","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7768"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7768\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7768"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7768"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7768"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}