![](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/a78a1db0cc5338e1fd00e08ec2e9c678.gif\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
\n K\u0101rt\u0113jo p\u0113t\u012bjumu nojumes porciju gaismas uz nosl\u0113pumaino raksturu \u0161ampanie\u0161a.
\nUn kas v\u0113lreiz apstiprina lielo noz\u012bmi pareizas gl\u0101zes.<\/p>\n
\nZin\u0101tnieku grupa no Universit\u0101tes Reimsas bija m\u0113r\u0137is atkl\u0101t nosl\u0113pumus burbu\u013ci \u0161ampanie\u0161a, un noskaidrot, k\u0101p\u0113c da\u017eas v\u012bna gl\u0101zes p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161 \u0161ampanietis \u0443\u043d\u044b\u043b\u0443\u044e viduv\u0113j\u012bba, bet citi liek p\u0101rsp\u0113t str\u016bklaku caur novads.\n<\/p>\n
\n\u017der\u0101rs, 41 gadus vecais grupas vad\u012bt\u0101js, esmu p\u0101rliecin\u0101ts, ka vi\u0146iem ir izdevies atkl\u0101t lietas, l\u012bdz \u0161im nevienam nav zin\u0101ms. Negribas apb\u0113din\u0101t J\u016bras, kas atv\u0113ris lab tas, ka daudzi fani \u0161ampanie\u0161a sen zin\u0101ms sadz\u012bves l\u012bmen\u012b, \u2013 darbu vi\u0146a komanda ir veikusi interesantu.\n<\/p>\n
Ka ar\u012b vi\u0146iem izdev\u0101s noskaidrot?<\/p>\n
\nVienu pudeli \u0161ampanie\u0161a blo\u0137\u0113ta 10 miljoni burbul\u012b\u0161u. Sasniedzot virsmu, v\u012bna, \u0161ie burbu\u013ci eksplod\u0113t (par\u0101d\u012bba, \u043d\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0435 nosaukums “str\u016bkla \u0423\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430”). Zin\u0101tnieki \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043b\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0161o procesu uz kameru, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e 5000 kadriem sekund\u0113.\n<\/p>\n
![](\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/01356f5d99a69db0e028ab2d74a7d502.gif\")
<\/p>\n
\nS\u0113rija \u0101trgaitas att\u0113lu redzams, k\u0101 pudel\u012bte pace\u013cas uz virsmas un pl\u012bst, radot vi\u0146ai mikro-kr\u0101teris. \u0421\u0442\u044f\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c, \u0161is kr\u0101teris spewing \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0439\u043a\u0443 \u0161ampanie\u0161a, kas sagrauj s\u012bkas l\u0101ses, kuras pace\u013cas augstum\u0101 l\u012bdz pat 10 cm no virsmas.\n<\/p>\n
\nIzmantojot masas spektrometra ultra-augstas iz\u0161\u0137irtsp\u0113jas zin\u0101tnieki analiz\u0113ja \u0137\u012bmisk\u0101 uzb\u016bve paraugus un sapratu, ka burbul\u012b\u0161i \u0161ampanie\u0161a piepild\u012bta “virspus\u0113ji-akt\u012bvas” molekul\u0101m, kuru vid\u016b ir simtiem arom\u0101tisko, kas veido arom\u0101ta m\u0101konis p\u0101r gl\u0101zi \u0161ampanie\u0161a.\n<\/p>\n
\nZin\u0101tnieki ar\u012b noskaidroju\u0161i, k\u0101p\u0113c wisps no burbu\u013ci \u0161ampanie\u0161a, dzejas saukto “\u0436\u0435\u043c\u0447\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 pavedieniem”, ce\u013cas no noteiktu punktu gl\u0101zes. Tas notiek t\u0101d\u0113\u013c, hitting sienas gl\u0101zes mikroskopisko sari\u0146u no virtuves dvie\u013ci, kad \u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 un v\u0113l t\u0101das izlases da\u013ci\u0146as, kas nok\u013c\u016bst gl\u0101zi no apk\u0101rt\u0113j\u0101s telpas. Molekulas k\u0101 oglek\u013ca dioks\u012bda pulc\u0113jas uz \u0161iem \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445 un, savienojoties, veido burbu\u013cus.\n<\/p>\n
\nV\u012bna gl\u0101zes, mazg\u0101ti trauku mazg\u0101jamaj\u0101 ma\u0161\u012bn\u0101, kur\u0101 tie tika \u017e\u0101v\u0113ti gaisu st\u0101vokl\u012b otr\u0101di, var b\u016bt tik t\u012bras, ka burbu\u013cu tiem tiek niec\u012bgs.\n<\/p>\n
\nVado\u0161ie ra\u017eot\u0101ji v\u012bna trauki s\u0101ka izmantot l\u0101zeru, lai uzkl\u0101\u0161anas apmales mikro-defektu pa dibenu gl\u0101zes \u0161ampanie\u0161a, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu tievs pavediens skaistu mazu burbu\u013cu. Fani \u0161ampanie\u0161a var pal\u012bdz\u0113t sevi, izdarot p\u0101ris skrambas sav\u0101 gl\u0101z\u0113. Bet nav v\u0113rts \u0443\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u2013 br\u012bdina speci\u0101listi, lai sak\u0101rtotu skarbu \u0434\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u2013 p\u0101r\u0101k masveida izce\u013co\u0161ana burbu\u013ci.\n<\/p>\n
\nP\u0113t\u012bjuma grupas \u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 zin\u0101tnieku, k\u0101 vi\u0146iem \u0161\u0137iet, uzlika beigas un ilggad\u0113jam str\u012bd\u0101 ap pareizas formas gl\u0101zes \u0161ampanie\u0161a. Pasaule ilgi agonized jaut\u0101jums: dzert, vai \u0161ampanieti no “flautas” \u2013 augsta \u0161aura gl\u0101zes uz gara k\u0101ti\u0146a vai no “\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043a” \u2013 seklas platas b\u013codas, vienveid\u012bgas, saska\u0146\u0101 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0439 le\u0123endu, kr\u016b\u0161u formu Marie Antoinette.\n<\/p>\n
\nG\u0101zes hromatogr\u0101fiju liecina, ka “\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0435” \u0161ampanietis zaud\u0113 oglek\u011da dioks\u012bdu vismaz par vienu tre\u0161da\u013cu \u0101tr\u0101k nek\u0101 “flautu”. T\u0101 ka, ja ne dzert to par vienu tre\u0161da\u013cu \u0101tr\u0101k, tad j\u016bs risk\u0113jat zaud\u0113t br\u012bni\u0161\u0137\u012bgas burbu\u013ci.\n<\/p>\n
\nStarp citu, dzert \u0161ampanieti no plastmasas gl\u0101zes (bez p\u0101r\u0113jie aspekti) \u2013 ar\u012b ideja t\u0101 pati. Plastmasas virsma \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430, t.i., atgr\u016b\u017e \u0161\u0137idrumu. Burbu\u013ci turas uz plastmasas sien\u0101m efekta d\u0113\u013c \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 un veido lielie negl\u012bts burbu\u013ci.\n<\/p>\n
\n\u0160is p\u0113t\u012bjums tika public\u0113ts izdevumos, kuri ir orient\u0113ti uz fizi\u0137i, kuri str\u0101d\u0101 ar \u0137erme\u0146a \u0161\u0137idrumiem un dz\u0113rienu industrijas speci\u0101listu, kas str\u0101d\u0101 ar alu, dzirksto\u0161\u0101m v\u012bniem un \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0439.\n<\/p>\n
\nPati Champagne \u0161is p\u0113t\u012bjums esam pie\u0146\u0113mu\u0161i v\u012bndari, lai kalibr\u0113\u0161anas parametru vid\u0113j\u0101s ferment\u0113ti pudel\u0113 ra\u017eo\u0161an\u0101 \u0161ampanie\u0161a.\n<\/p>\n
\n “Vienk\u0101r\u0161\u0101kais veids, k\u0101 ieg\u016bt skaistu burbu\u013ci \u2013 tas ir samazin\u0101t saturu iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdina \u0161ampanie\u0161a, og\u013csk\u0101b\u0101s g\u0101zes. Bet tas ir atkar\u012bgs no cukura daudzumu”, \u2013 saka grupas vad\u012bt\u0101js.\n <\/p>\n
\nTradicion\u0101li, lai uzs\u0101ktu sekund\u0101r\u0101s ferment\u0101cijas \u0161ampanietis pievienojis 24 grami cukura uz litru v\u012bna. Tagad ir tendence samazin\u0101t \u0161\u012bs normas l\u012bdz 18 grami uz litru \u2013 minim\u0101lo skaitu saska\u0146\u0101 ar likumiem \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u0430.\n<\/p>\n
\nFani dzirksto\u0161o vair\u0101k pat\u012bk s\u012bki p\u016bsl\u012b\u0161i,- iesp\u0113jams, t\u0101p\u0113c, ka t\u0101s ir saist\u012btas ar \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0161ampanieti.
\nK\u0101 p\u0113tnieki negaid\u012bti saskaras ar kritiku traditionalists, apgalvojot, ka t\u0101 ir zin\u0101tniska pieeja nogalina m\u012btiskais oreols ap \u0161ampanietis. Jo produkts \u0161ampanieti v\u012bndaru pozicion\u0113ta k\u0101 \u0123\u0113nijs amatniec\u012bba, pamatojoties uz sen\u0101s zin\u0101\u0161anas un izcilu “terroir”.\n<\/p>\n
\nTiesa, \u0161efpav\u0101rs v\u012bnzi\u0146u piecu zvaig\u017e\u0146u \u0440\u0435\u0439\u043c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e chateau Les Crayeres esmu p\u0101rliecin\u0101ts, ka v\u012bns un zin\u0101tne ir diezgan sp\u0113j\u012bgs iet roku rok\u0101. “Kad redzi, ka \u0161\u012b p\u0113t\u012bjuma rezult\u0101ti, saproti, cik nu vairs nav aktu\u0101li jau izmanto\u0161ana “\u043f\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043a”. Pie mums m\u0113s to vairs nav piem\u0113rojam,” \u2013 vi\u0146\u0161 saka.\n<\/p>\n
\nUn kas tad notiek ar eksperiment\u0101l\u0101 \u0161ampanieti, kad eksperiments beidzies? Zin\u0101tnieki to \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442?
\n“Diem\u017e\u0113l, n\u0113, \u2013 atz\u012bst projekta vad\u012bt\u0101ja,- uz \u0161o br\u012bdi tas jau ir silts un nav der\u012bgs lieto\u0161anai. Man \u0161\u0137iet, nodeva izlietn\u0113 vair\u0101k \u0161ampanie\u0161a, nek\u0101 jebkur\u0161 cits uz \u0161\u012bs plan\u0113tas”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
K\u0101rt\u0113jo p\u0113t\u012bjumu nojumes porciju gaismas uz nosl\u0113pumaino raksturu \u0161ampanie\u0161a. Un kas v\u0113lreiz apstiprina lielo noz\u012bmi pareizas gl\u0101zes. Zin\u0101tnieku grupa no Universit\u0101tes Reimsas bija…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saistita-informacija"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6195"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6195\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}