{"id":6188,"date":"2020-01-12T23:12:59","date_gmt":"2020-01-12T20:12:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/bordo-jaunu-realitati\/"},"modified":"2020-01-12T23:12:59","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T20:12:59","slug":"bordo-jaunu-realitati","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/bordo-jaunu-realitati\/","title":{"rendered":"Bordo jaunu realit\u0101ti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n Bordo \u2013 slaven\u0101kais francijas v\u012bna re\u0123ioniem, un to ietekme uz pasaules v\u012bna dar\u012b\u0161anai ir gr\u016bti p\u0101rv\u0113rt\u0113t. \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 v\u012bna akt\u012bvi tika eksport\u0113ti jau 14. gadsimta s\u0101kum\u0101. Neviens cits re\u0123ions nevar sal\u012bdzin\u0101t ar \u0161o fran\u010du ikonu v\u012bna komerci\u0101lo pan\u0101kumu un \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nV\u012bns no Bordo bija tik popul\u0101ri, gadsimtiem ilgi, ka v\u012bnogu \u0161\u0137irnes \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e izcelsmes vad\u012bja merlot un cabernet sauvignon \u2013 izs\u0113din\u0101ja vair\u0101k\u0101s viet\u0101s, un p\u0113c t\u0101 saukt\u0101 &#8220;\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434&#8221; k\u013cuva par vienu no standartiem, lai v\u012bndariem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBet vad\u012bba reti gad\u0101s stingri. Pien\u0101k br\u012b\u017ei, kad par\u0101d\u0101s jauni konkurenti un rodas iek\u0161\u0113jas pretrunas. Kad General Motors tika nav sasniedzama, ta\u010du ar laiku eiropas, tad jap\u0101\u0146u, bet tagad korejie\u0161u ra\u017eot\u0101ji bija GM b\u012bstamu konkurenci pat vi\u0146as dzimtaj\u0101 tirg\u016b.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nIes\u0101c\u0113ji var uzlabot un ieviest jaunus produktus, kas izr\u0101d\u0101s pievilc\u012bg\u0101ku vai vienk\u0101r\u0161i vair\u0101k saprotami pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem. T\u0101 notika ar m\u012bkst\u0101kiem un vienk\u0101r\u0161i v\u012bnus no Jaun\u0101s pasaules, taisnas l\u012bnijas kristus raksturu v\u012bnogu \u0161\u0137irnes, nevis \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c vienu no 60 \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 Bordo. Izmai\u0146as pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju gaumi var ar\u012b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0161\u0137ietamo \u043d\u0435\u0437\u044b\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c l\u012bderiem.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nLai Bordo t\u0101d\u0101 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c nob\u012bdi, ir k\u013cuvusi par nopietnu lejupsl\u012bdi v\u012bna pat\u0113ri\u0146a Francij\u0101 p\u0113d\u0113jo desmit gadu laik\u0101. Kriti\u0137i nor\u0101da uz tieksmi \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432 nosl\u0113gties sev\u012b un ne dzird\u0113t kritiku no \u0101rpuses: pa\u0161apmierin\u0101t\u012bbu un \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c k\u013c\u016bst par \u0161\u0137\u0113r\u0161\u013ciem ce\u013c\u0101 nepiecie\u0161am\u0101s izmai\u0146as.\n <\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/bd8dcb0979e043ddb1faba61c2726b04.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nPar laimi, vi\u0146am Bordo ir ar\u012b otra puse \u2013 akt\u012bva, ener\u0123iska un sal\u012bdzino\u0161i atv\u0113rta jaunajam. \u0160is re\u0123ions nav tik sve\u0161s p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, k\u0101 dom\u0101 liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca \u0101rpus t\u0101s. Bet pat, ja ir v\u0113lme, korekcija ar main\u012bg\u0101 tirgus realit\u0101te prasa, lai p\u0101rvar\u0113tu struktur\u0101l\u0101s barjeras.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nLai cik gr\u016bti jums izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101t, Bordo nesp\u0113j kontrol\u0113t pasaules tirgus sp\u0113ki un vi\u0146u destrukt\u012bvo ietekmi uz re\u0123ionu. Daudzi mazie ra\u017eot\u0101ji no presti\u017e\u0101kajiem \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 ir piel\u0101goties vai mirt. \u0160is process jau g\u0101ja.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDaudzi pat neiedom\u0101jas ra\u017eo\u0161anas apjomu v\u012bna un Bordo.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nIedom\u0101jieties: viet\u0113jais vid\u0113jais gada ra\u017eo\u0161ana 5,5 miljoni hektolitru (neskaitot \u0101rk\u0101rt\u012bgi kalsns ra\u017eas 2013) \u2013 tas ir gandr\u012bz puse no apjoma, ko rada, teiksim, vis\u0101 \u010c\u012bles vai Austr\u0101lijas.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nUn tom\u0113r, tas ir milz\u012bgs re\u0123ions ar neticamu v\u0113sturi, kas aiz\u0146em maz\u0101k nek\u0101 1% no asv tirgus. Turkl\u0101t, t\u0101s \u012bpatsvars samazin\u0101s pat\u0113ri\u0146\u0161 ASV pieaug, bet pieg\u0101des no Bordo paliek iepriek\u0161\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bmen\u012b. K\u0101p\u0113c t\u0101 notiek? Un k\u0101da n\u0101kotne sagaida Bordo, it \u012bpa\u0161i asv tirg\u016b?\n <\/p>\n<h3>\n Main\u012bg\u0101 ainava<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nBordo uzbrukums b\u016btiskas izmai\u0146as. P\u0101rdo\u0161anas Amerik\u0101 nav pieaugu\u0161as p\u0113d\u0113jo divu gadu laik\u0101, neskatoties uz to, ka \u0161is tirgus ir k\u013cuvis par liel\u0101ko pasaul\u0113. Un t\u0101 ir probl\u0113ma ne tikai Bordo. Fran\u010du v\u012bnu kopum\u0101 bijusi zem spiediena, un uz Bordo, piem\u0113ram, vado\u0161ais tirdzniec\u012bbas re\u0123ions, bija ar\u012b da\u013ca no negat\u012bvisma. Pasaules v\u012bna tirg\u016b izdar\u012bja izr\u0101vienu, bet Francija nav izdevies, jo vi\u0146u l\u012bdzi. Par p\u0113d\u0113jo 10 gadu fran\u010du eksports uzr\u0101d\u012bja iev\u0113rojamu dinamiku.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nTagad var redz\u0113t ros\u012bba un nelielu pieaugumu, bet tas dr\u012bz\u0101k ir saist\u012bts ar izmai\u0146\u0101m eksporta strukt\u016bra un cenu k\u0101pumu. Par izaugsmes tr\u016bkumu fiziskaj\u0101 izteiksm\u0113, ja to neb\u016btu tik briesm\u012bgi, ja neb\u016btu led\u0101ju iek\u0161zemes piepras\u012bjums. V\u012bna pat\u0113ri\u0146u uz vienu iedz\u012bvot\u0101ju (person\u0101m, kas vec\u0101kas par 15 gadiem) Francij\u0101 samazin\u0101jies no 160 litri uz vienu cilv\u0113ku 1965. gad\u0101 l\u012bdz maz\u0101k 57 litri 2010, saska\u0146\u0101 France Agrimer (strukt\u016bra, zemkop\u012bbas ministrijas).\n <\/p>\n<p>\nDa\u013ca regul\u0101ri pat\u0113r\u0113 v\u012bnu samazin\u0101j\u0101s no 51% 1980. l\u012bdz 17% 2010., bet da\u013ca visp\u0101r nav dz\u0113r\u0101ju ir dubultojies: no 19% l\u012bdz 38%.<br \/>\nTendences viet\u0113j\u0101 \u0440\u044b\u043a\u0435 to v\u0113l vair\u0101k ir saasin\u0101jusi bezdarb\u012bbu Francijas uz pasaules, kur konkurenti \u043e\u0442\u044a\u0435\u043b\u0438 lauvas tiesu pieaugo\u0161o k\u016bka. Fran\u010du v\u012bna eksports uzkar\u0101s apk\u0101rtn\u0113 150 miljoni kastes period\u0101 no 1998. l\u012bdz 2012. (saska\u0146\u0101 ar F\u00e9d\u00e9ration des Exportateurs de Vins et Spiritueux). Bet padom\u0101jiet: pasaules v\u012bna p\u0101rdo\u0161anas \u0161aj\u0101 laik\u0101 ir dubultojies \u2013 no aptuveni 50 l\u012bdz 100 miljoniem hektolitru (Office International de la Vigne et du Vin).\n <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nBezdarb\u012bba noz\u012bm\u0113, ka k\u0101ds cits no\u0146em ra\u017eu. Ja m\u0113s atgrie\u017eamies pie laika 1980-2000, tad da\u013ca Francij\u0101 pasaules v\u012bna tirg\u016b bija vid\u0113ji ceturt\u0101 da\u013ca. Par turpm\u0101ko 12 gadu laik\u0101 tas ir samazin\u0101jies l\u012bdz 14%.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nR\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ji p\u0101r\u0113jiem tradicion\u0101lajiem ra\u017eot\u0101jiem vec\u0101s Eiropas, piem\u0113ram, It\u0101lija, Sp\u0101nija, V\u0101cija un Portug\u0101le, saglab\u0101j\u0101s relat\u012bvi stabils, ar viedok\u013ca tirgus da\u013ca: kop\u0101 tas veido apm\u0113ram pusi no kop\u0113j\u0101 apgroz\u012bjuma.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nLiel\u0101kie ieguv\u0113ji no glob\u0101las izmai\u0146as t\u0113rauda ra\u017eot\u0101ji dienvidu puslod\u0113, jo \u012bpa\u0161i, Austr\u0101lija, DIENVID\u0100FRIKA, Argent\u012bna, \u010c\u012ble un jaunz\u0113lande. K\u0101 ar\u012b ASV. Uz \u0161o valstu grupu Jaun\u0101s Gaismas tagad veidoja gandr\u012bz 25% no pasaules tirgus, \u2013 pien\u0101c\u012bgas pieaug no l\u012bme\u0146a 15% 1996-2000 un iespaid\u012bgs \u2013 ar 2% no kur maz\u0101ku tirgus s\u0101kuma 1980\u0445. Lomas ir main\u012bju\u0161ies, un Francija \u2013 vieni neveiksminieki.\n <\/p>\n<p>\n Tikm\u0113r ASV ir k\u013cuvu\u0161as par liel\u0101ko pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju pasaul\u0113, ar kop\u0113jo tilpumu 360 miljoni kastes (12 booth., = 9 litri) 2012., no kuriem 123 miljoni \u2013 t.i., iespaid\u012bg\u0101s 34% \u2013 veidoja imports (aptuveni California Board of Equalization)\n <\/p>\n<p>\nLaika posm\u0101 no 2000. l\u012bdz 2012. gadam v\u012bna pat\u0113ri\u0146u ASV bija gandr\u012bz par 50%, un aptuveni daudzu ekspertu turpin\u0101s augt. Lo\u0123iski, amerik\u0101\u0146u tirgus ir j\u0101k\u013c\u016bst par priorit\u0101ti, lai Bordo. Bet te jau pagriez\u0101s agres\u012bvu konkurentu, nevis v\u0113las dot ne maz\u0101ko da\u013cu no \u0161\u012b pieauguma.\n <\/p>\n<h3>\nKur atrast, kur zaud\u0113ja<\/h3>\n<p>\nNav \u0161aubu, ka ra\u017eot\u0101ji Jaun\u0101s Gaismas cie\u0161i satverot akt\u012bvi augo\u0161o pasaules tirg\u016b. Bordo izr\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s centr\u0101 masveida p\u0101rdales, t\u0101 ir liel\u0101k\u0101 no sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m fran\u010du v\u012bnu eksporta kontrol\u0113 p\u0113c izcelsmes (\u012bpatsvars 16% 2012. gad\u0101). Naudas izteiksm\u0113 Bordo pieder 29% no kop\u0113j\u0101 apjoma \u2013 otr\u0101 vieta p\u0113c Champagne ar to 31%, bet tikai 8% kvantitat\u012bvi.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nIr milz\u012bgs \u0446\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 plaisa starp elites Bordo un pamats: 59,5 Eirol, komun\u0101lais Medoc pret 4,4 Eirolitru par re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101 sarkanv\u012bns no Bordo. Lietu sare\u017e\u0123\u012b tas apst\u0101klis, ka \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0448\u043d\u044f slaveniem \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 p\u0113c b\u016bt\u012bbas nosaka finan\u0161u priek\u0161statu par re\u0123iona.\n <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nM\u0113s visi vi\u0146u zin\u0101m: Margaux, Pauillac, Saint-Julien, Saint-Est\u00e8phe un Pomerol. Uz t\u0101m veido aptuveni 10% \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e eksporta kvantitat\u012bvi, bet visus 50% naudas.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTurkl\u0101t, \u0161\u012bs teritorijas, (5 no 60 \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 Bordo) aiz\u0146em tikai 5% plat\u012bbas zem v\u012bnogul\u0101jiem, bet veido 50% no zemes v\u0113rt\u012bbas (datu La Direction R\u00e9gionale de l &#8216;Alimentation, L&#8217; Agriculture et de la F\u00f4ret d &#8216; Aquitaine). Akrs zemes \u041f\u043e\u0439\u044f\u043a\u0435 maks\u0101 vid\u0113ji $888000 un izdos vienk\u0101r\u0161u kategorijas Bordo \u2013 tikai $8000 (Wines &amp; V\u012bnogul\u0101ji, septembris 2013).\n<\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/918a48508379565f51af2b7cc0b40a7f.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nT\u0101di izcenojumi uz presti\u017e\u0101s v\u012bna saglab\u0101ti (un pat pieauga) kr\u012bzes 2008-2009 gadam Kontrastu att\u0113lu pievienojis kr\u012bt cenas zemes b\u0101zes kategorijas. K\u0101 m\u012bl\u0113ja teikt da\u017eas p\u0101rl\u016bkprogrammas, &#8220;lokomot\u012bve brauca bez vagoniem&#8221;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nCitiem v\u0101rdiem sakot, elita \u043e\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e portfe\u013ca \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e v\u012bna domin\u0113 taj\u0101 finansi\u0101li, bet nesp\u0113j izraut sev ierindas \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u044b, kas veido vair\u0101k nek\u0101 pusi no re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101s portfe\u013ca.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nRa\u017eot\u0101ji b\u0101zes Bordo v\u012bnu jau ir cietis. Zemas cenas v\u012bna d\u0101rziem, tikai atspogu\u013co nelielu v\u0113rt\u0113jumu pati re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101s kategorijas Bordeaux AOP. Daudzi saimnieki jau bija par draud\u0113ja rentabilit\u0101ti, un to r\u0101d\u012bt\u0101ji turpina pasliktin\u0101ties. Saska\u0146\u0101 ar &#8220;Agricultural Census&#8221;, 2010, 1998 v\u012bnogu audz\u0113\u0161anas saimniec\u012bb\u0101m bija vair\u0101k nek\u0101 12000, bet jau 2010.gada tikai 7000 ar nelielu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPa\u0161i maz\u0101kie paz\u016bd visp\u0101r, vi\u0146u saimnieki ir vienk\u0101r\u0161i nevar iztikt ar ien\u0101kumiem no p\u0101rdo\u0161anas savu v\u012bnu, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 pa\u0161reiz\u0113j\u0101s cenas un mazi apgroz\u012bjumi. K\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101, ir pieaudzis vid\u0113jais saimniec\u012bbas (l\u012bdz apm\u0113ram 15 ha) rezult\u0101t\u0101 pirk\u0161anai maziem jaunajiem sp\u0113l\u0113t\u0101jiem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLiel\u0101ka izm\u0113ra darbiem var k\u013c\u016bt un plus re\u0123ion\u0101, bet ir ar\u012b citas probl\u0113mas. Jaun\u0101 paaudze izv\u0113las str\u0101d\u0101t cit\u0101s nozar\u0113s, un tas sola lielas gr\u016bt\u012bbas, jo liela da\u013ca uz\u0146\u0113mumu \u012bpa\u0161nieku vec\u0101ki 50\u0442\u0438, un katram otrajam nav uztv\u0113r\u0113ja.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nL\u0113sts fran\u010du veikto zemkop\u012bbas ministriju, n\u0101kotne 30000 110000 ha \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 v\u012bna izskat\u0101s miglaina.<br \/>\nBordo bija pavisam saspringts, ne tas noticis strauju \u0136\u012bnas piepras\u012bjuma vid\u016b 2000\u0445, kas vi\u0146am \u0101rvalstu klientu nr.1 ar tilpumu iepirk\u0161an\u0101s aptuveni 6 miljoni kastes.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nTagad uz da\u013cu \u0100zijas, veido gandr\u012bz 40% no eksporta Bordo v\u012bnu v\u0113rt\u012bbas izteiksm\u0113. Tas \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e iev\u0113rojamu samazin\u0101\u0161anos, piepras\u012bjums no vecaj\u0101m eiropas pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nASV ie\u0146\u0113ma sesto tilpuma poz\u012bciju eksporta rakst\u0101 2012 (1,9 miljoni kastes). Nauda ASV ceturtaj\u0101 viet\u0101, ar summu 215 miljoni Eiro, \u0136\u012bna \u2013 otrais ar 338 miljoniem Eiro, p\u0113c tam, kad Lielbrit\u0101nij\u0101 (dati Conseil Interprofessionnel du Vin de Bordeaux)\n<\/p>\n<p>\nNeticami veids, k\u0101 Francija izc\u012bn\u012bja aptuveni 50% no \u0137\u012bnas tirgus \u2013 sal\u012bdzinot ar 4% no pat\u0113ri\u0146a Savienotaj\u0101s valst\u012bs. Vecais fonds, kuru dibin\u0101ja fran\u010du v\u012bndari, ir devusi savus aug\u013cus, kop\u0101 ar \u0161armu, ar kuru ieskauj \u0100zij\u0101 fran\u010du prec\u0113m un Bordo \u012bpa\u0161i. Bet \u0137\u012bnas faktors jau izsp\u0113l\u0113ta, un n\u0101kotnes tendences prognoz\u0113t gr\u016bti, jo \u012bpa\u0161i \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0136\u012bn\u0101 2013. gad\u0101 pr\u0101vas attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz diskrimin\u0101ciju, kas tirdzniec\u012bbas politiku no malas Francij\u0101 un Sp\u0101nij\u0101.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\nK\u013c\u016bdas cenu pozicion\u0113\u0161anas<\/h3>\n<p>\nNeskatoties uz \u0441\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f daudzumu v\u012bna saimniec\u012bbu Bordeaux, re\u0123ions joproj\u0101m rakstur\u012bgu tikai mazajiem lauksaimniekiem. Vi\u0146u vaina var lepni valk\u0101 nosaukumu ch\u00e2teau, bet att\u0113ls uz eti\u0137etes att\u0113lots bie\u017e\u0101k lauku m\u0101ja, nevis feod\u0101\u013cu pils. K\u0101 visur, mazie ra\u017eot\u0101ji var pretoties p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, vai vienk\u0101r\u0161i nav l\u012bdzek\u013cu moderniz\u0101ciju, pagrabi un iznom\u0101\u0161anas zin\u0101ms konsultantiem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLai gan b\u016btu nepareizi teikt, ka mazas saimniec\u012bbas pak\u0101peniski nav ieg\u0101d\u0101jas jaunu \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 un \u0447\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. Paties\u012bb\u0101, izmai\u0146as vienm\u0113r ir biju\u0161as rakstur\u012bgas Bordo. Ja tas neb\u016btu t\u0101, re\u0123ions nesp\u0113tu izdz\u012bvot gadsimtiem un prec\u012bzi neb\u016btu k\u013cuvis par ikonu v\u012bna.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPaties\u012bba par to, ka t\u0113lu Bordo izveidota aisberga redzam\u0101 piram\u012bdas viet\u0113jo v\u012bnu. K\u0101 pla\u0161a b\u0101ze, t\u0101s pamat\u0101 \u2013 lielas briesmas. Re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101s sarkans v\u012bns un Bordeaux Sup\u00e9rieur (saska\u0146\u0101 ar likumu, ar zem\u0101ku \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e un liel\u0101ku ekspon\u0113\u0161anas laiku) veido pamatu re\u0123iona pusi no kop\u0113j\u0101 ra\u017eo\u0161anas. Un tas ir \u013coti iev\u0113rojams daudzums \u2013 vid\u0113ji 27 miljoni hektolitru (30 milj. 9 litru kastes) p\u0113d\u0113jo \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0438.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nIr daudz piem\u0113ru par labi veikto re\u0123ion\u0101lo sarkano v\u012bnu un sauso balto \u2013 stil\u0101, kas var sast\u0101d\u012bt konkurenci Jaunajam Gaismu zem\u0101ku cenu. Bet liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca, p\u0113c kriti\u0137u dom\u0101m, tr\u016bkst \u0444\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 un bl\u012bvumu, l\u016bdzu gaumei m\u016bsdienu v\u012bna cien\u012bt\u0101jiem.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nNav nek\u0101das m\u012bklas, k\u0101p\u0113c Bordo zaud\u0113 poz\u012bcijas vai nevar palielin\u0101t tirgus da\u013cu galvenajos \u0101rvalstu tirgos. Vien\u012bgais niec\u012bgs pieaugums \u043e\u0442\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043a\u0430\u0445 atnesa v\u012bnu, kas tiek p\u0101rdots Amerik\u0101 ir zem 15$ uz \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435, vai noteikti maz\u0101k k\u0101 20$. Turkl\u0101t aptuveni 80% \u2013 tas ir v\u012bns l\u0113t\u0101k 12$.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nFokus\u0113jot m\u0101rketinga pas\u0101kumi ASV uz v\u012bniem ar mazumtirdzniec\u012bbas cenu l\u012bdz 55$, k\u0101 to dar\u012bja CIVB (V\u012bna Padome Bordo), nevar cer\u0113t uz iev\u0113rojamu p\u0101rdo\u0161anas apjomu pieaugumu. \u0160\u012b strat\u0113\u0123ija, protams, dikt\u0113 vajadz\u012bb\u0101m ra\u017eot\u0101jiem, nevis pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju v\u0113lm\u0113m. Tirgus ir skaidri par\u0101d\u012bjusi, ka noz\u012bm\u012bg\u0101kais faktors amerik\u0101\u0146u pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju, kas nosaka t\u0101 pirk\u0161anas l\u0113mumu, ir cenas un kvalit\u0101tes attiec\u012bba. Proti, tas ir ahileja pap\u0113dis Bordo.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAptaujas 2011. gada liecina, ka asv pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ji nav lab\u0101k atzinumu par \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 v\u012bniem no viedok\u013ca pamatot\u012bbu, to cenas. Tikai 4% nov\u0113rt\u0113 kvalit\u0101ti par t\u0101du naudu k\u0101 &#8220;superb&#8221; un 17% k\u0101 &#8220;labas&#8221; (no 21% stingri pozit\u012bvu v\u0113rt\u0113jumu), bet 32% uzskata, ka vi\u0146u &#8220;pie\u0146emami&#8221;, bet 12% \u2013 &#8220;v\u0101ji&#8221;. Lai sal\u012bdzin\u0101tu, Ronas Ieleju 51% respondentu nov\u0113rt\u0113ja ar &#8220;teicami&#8221; un &#8220;labi&#8221;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTendences abu re\u0123ionu asv tirg\u016b atkal liecina par saikni starp uztveramo v\u0113rt\u012bbu un ra\u017eu. \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 eksportu uz ASV turpina sekot pievilc\u012bbu konkr\u0113tu \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439. Virsotnes ku\u0123niec\u012bbas bijis labs gads: 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005 un 2009. Bet gados starp eksports samazin\u0101j\u0101s. Bet ieraksts 1985 2,8 miljoni kastes v\u0113l p\u0101rsp\u0113t.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nRons \u2013 no otras puses \u2013 maz\u0101k, bet daudz \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0439. Eksporta re\u0123iona, ASV, 1985 bija l\u012bmen\u012b 358000 kastes un pieauga l\u012bdz 1,5 miljoniem 2012. \u0160odien ASV \u2013 otraj\u0101 eksporta tirgus, lai Rhone Ielejas p\u0113c apvienot\u0101s Karalistes un pirmais ie\u0146\u0113mumi Eiro.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nKoncentr\u0113jieties uz pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem nekad nav bijis sp\u0113c\u012bgs fran\u010du v\u012bna, kuru m\u0101rketings vienm\u0113r ir balst\u012bjusies uz trad\u012bciju un \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0440\u044b.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nM\u0101rketinga direktors Frederick Wildman &amp; Sons&#8221;, \u0438\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 v\u012bnu no Compagnie M\u00e9docaine (liel\u0101 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 uz\u0146\u0113muma Bordo) atz\u012bm\u0113, ka &#8220;Bordo ir \u013coti atkar\u012bgi no pasaules vado\u0161aj\u0101m reitingu un reput\u0101cijas \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439&#8221;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nNosaukums chateau uz eti\u0137etes sen sp\u0113l\u0113 vado\u0161o lomu m\u0101rketinga Bordeaux v\u012bniem, bet tas ir \u0161\u0137\u0113rslis, lai izveidotu lielo z\u012bmolu. Jebkura atsevi\u0161\u0137a saimniec\u012bba ra\u017eo ierobe\u017eot\u0101 daudzum\u0101 v\u012bna: 20-40 t\u016bksto\u0161i kast\u012b\u0161u vid\u0113ji, ar da\u017eiem iz\u0146\u0113mumiem. Un, kam\u0113r Bordo balst\u012bsies uz pozicion\u0113\u0161ana &#8220;\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e chateau&#8221;, diez vai izdosies izveidot lielo z\u012bmolu, kur\u0101 sniegti l\u012bdz 4-5 miljoniem kastes uz amerikas tirgu.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nAr 7000 saimniec\u012bb\u0101m, 300 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 un 39 \u043a\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438 produkcija Bordeaux re\u0123ion\u0101 ir \u013coti sadrumstalota, kas ne\u013cauj veidot konsekventu un vienotu m\u0101rketingu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Bordo v\u012bna iev\u0113rojami \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b. Aug\u0161\u0113j\u0101 l\u012bnija klasific\u0113tu saimniec\u012bb\u0101m un tiem piel\u012bdzin\u0101miem top v\u012bnu veido aptuveni 5% no kop\u0113j\u0101 ra\u017eo\u0161anas. Tas blue chips, tirgoti uz nov\u0113rot\u0101 tirg\u016b un kurus p\u0101rdod gandr\u012bz vienm\u0113r nav-ekskluz\u012bvos apst\u0101k\u013cos. Sist\u0113ma \u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 un privili\u0123\u0113tu partner\u012bbu nosaka pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jiem un import\u0113t\u0101jiem, kam ir piek\u013cuve \u0161ai elit\u0101ra grup\u0101 un to kvotas.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0101rdo\u0161anas piem\u0113ram, luksusa \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432, visticam\u0101k, turpin\u0101s bra\u0161s sacens\u012bbas, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 v\u0113rt\u0113jumiem \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439 un pa\u0161u cenu veido\u0161anai.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPiek\u013cuve \u0161im l\u012bmenim ra\u017eot\u0101jiem liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju notiek, ir ierobe\u017eota t\u0101 saucamo &#8220;otrie&#8221; un pat &#8220;tre\u0161\u0101s v\u012bniem&#8221;. Un pa vidu piram\u012bdas \u2013 t\u016bksto\u0161iem saimniec\u012bbu, no desmitiem \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432. V\u012bna cien\u012bt\u0101jiem, \u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c halo &#8220;\u0440\u043e\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e chateau&#8221; un gatavo, mekl\u0113jot labu l\u0113tu v\u012bnu, izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101t savu veiksmi ar nezin\u0101mu pudeli, \u0161is segments ir iesp\u0113ja apvienot romantiku v\u012bna \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 ar pie\u0146emamu cenu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n2010. v\u012bnzi\u0146u-import\u0113t\u0101js Daniel Jones atbr\u012bvo atlases v\u012bnu ar cenu l\u012bdz 30$ \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435. P\u0113c vi\u0146a teikt\u0101, &#8220;ir daudz mazu tradicion\u0101l\u0101s saimniec\u012bbas, kas ra\u017eo labu v\u012bnu, kas patiks daudziem&#8221;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nVi\u0146\u0161 &#8220;pa-bullish&#8221; noska\u0146ots pret Bordeaux (t.i., sagaida cenu pieaugumu), neskatoties uz &#8220;anti-elit\u0101r\u0101 attieksmi pret re\u0123ionu vid\u0113 jauno v\u012bnzi\u0146u un pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem&#8221;. Tom\u0113r pils v\u012bna tiks import\u0113tas re\u0123ion\u0101lajiem uz\u0146\u0113mumiem ar \u013coti maziem apjomiem \u2013 simtiem vai vair\u0101ki t\u016bksto\u0161i kast\u012b\u0161u. \u0160ie v\u012bni ir neizb\u0113gami cie\u0161 no sadrumstalota un \u013coti ierobe\u017eotu izplat\u012b\u0161anu. Lai veikala vai restor\u0101na tie dr\u012bz\u0101k ir no kategorijas veiksm\u012bgus pirkumus par godu, nek\u0101 priek\u0161metu stabilas pieg\u0101des.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLai ieinteres\u0113t\u0101 pils vainas d\u0113\u013c pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jam var izr\u0101d\u012bties gr\u016bts uzdevums, lai atrastu p\u0101rdev\u0113ju konkr\u0113tu ch\u00e2teau vajadz\u012bgo gada. Iedoma t\u0101s izplat\u012b\u0161anas uzskat\u0101mi izpau\u017eas gad\u012bjum\u0101, Chateau Mayne-Guyon 2011 (Blaye Alpages de Bordeaux), kas tika vair\u0101kk\u0101rt ir izv\u0113l\u0113ts \u017eurn\u0101ls Wine Enthusiast, ieskaitot vi\u0146u &#8220;top 100&#8221;. Tas v\u012bns bija iesp\u0113jams atrast, izmantojot paz\u012bstams port\u0101ls wine-searcher.com pieg\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ja Trader Joe, bet izr\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s, ka nevienam vairs. Noskaidrot, kur\u0101 no veikaliem ir pieejams pudele v\u012bna, un cik daudz \u2013 darbs, par kuru vienojas ne katrs v\u012bna cien\u012bt\u0101js milz\u012bgaj\u0101 daudzum\u0101 pieejamas alternat\u012bvas.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Vintage v\u012bnu Francij\u0101<\/h2>\n<p>\nApak\u0161\u0101 ir piram\u012bdas Bordo v\u012bnu \u2013 neticami apjomi b\u0101zes v\u012bns, kuram p\u0113c visas taisn\u012bbas vajadz\u0113tu kalpot par pamatu, lai izveidotu z\u012bmolu un rad\u012bt &#8220;vintage v\u012bnu&#8221; (<strong>vins de telts<\/strong>). \u0160aj\u0101 zem\u0101kaj\u0101 cenu segment\u0101 romantiski t\u0113li \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u0438 un v\u0113rt\u0113jumi nesp\u0113l\u0113 \u012bpa\u0161u lomu. Lai veiksm\u012bgas ekspluat\u0101cijas \u0161\u012bs masas v\u012bnu attaisnojo\u0161a b\u016bs strat\u0113\u0123ija, lai fokus\u0113tos uz re\u0123ion\u0101lo v\u012bniem, kas sav\u0101kti pa visu re\u0123ionu un \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c, lai sasniegtu konstantu stila un kvalit\u0101tes \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0439 markas.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nRonas Ielej\u0101 un Burgundijas, t\u0101pat k\u0101 Bordo, daudz priv\u0101to zemes \u012bpa\u0161nieku \u2013 aptuveni 5000 4300 attiec\u012bgi (saska\u0146\u0101 ar Inter-Rhone un BIVB). Bet, neskatoties uz to, line\u0101li v\u012bnu, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0445 uz \u0434\u043e\u043c\u044d\u043d\u0430\u0445 (analogi \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 chateau), ir l\u012bdzsvaroti \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 atpaz\u012bstamiem z\u012bmoliem.<\/p>\n<p> Piem\u0113ram, \u0440\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"thesis\" style=\"line-height:18px;\">\n<li>\u0428\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0442\u044c\u0435 (Chapoutier)<\/li>\n<li>\u0413\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043b\u044c (Guigal)<\/li>\n<li>\u0416\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043b\u0435 (Jaboulet)<\/li>\n<li>\u0414\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0441 (Delas)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Vai uzzi\u0146a: burgundijas:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"thesis\" style=\"line-height:18px;\">\n<li>Lui \u0416\u0430\u0434\u043e (Louis Jadot)<\/li>\n<li>Josep \u0414\u0440\u0443\u044d\u043d (Joseph Drouhin)<\/li>\n<li>Louis Latour (Louis Latour)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nPied\u0101v\u0101jums Bordo Amerik\u0101, glu\u017ei pret\u0113ji, gandr\u012bz nepiem\u012bt &#8220;marku&#8221; segment\u0101. No daudzajiem z\u012bmoliem, Bordo, ko veicina da\u017e\u0101diem tirdzniec\u012bbas uz\u0146\u0113mumiem, tikai Mouton-Cadet p\u0101rtraukums un nepiek\u0101p\u012bga asv mazumtirdzniec\u012bb\u0101 ar v\u012bniem vid\u0113ji par 8$booth. L\u016bguma tos a\u0123ents, Constellation Brands, Moutoni Kadi\u0137is \u2013 liel\u0101kais p\u0101rst\u0101vis bordo ASV par p\u0101rdo\u0161anu, ar vispasaules probl\u0113m\u0101m p\u0101rdo\u0161anas (saska\u0146\u0101 ar neapstiprin\u0101tas zi\u0146as) miljons kastes. Citi ir m\u0113\u0123in\u0101ju\u0161i, bet nav sp\u0113ju\u0161i. Vai nav pat m\u0113\u0123in\u0101t.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0160\u0137\u0113r\u0161\u013ci \u0161\u0137iet nep\u0101rvarami, \u0146emot v\u0113r\u0101 riska \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u0435\u0432 p\u0101rdot ideju &#8220;chateau&#8221; un lielo izmaksu veicin\u0101\u0161anu marku. Da\u013ca p\u0101rdev\u0113ji apgalvo, ka v\u0113l viena gr\u016bti b\u016bs sav\u0101kt pietiekami daudz \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 p\u0113c kooperat\u012bvi un priv\u0101to str\u0101dniekiem, lai izveidotu \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0430 liel\u0101 apjom\u0101. Bet, no otras puses, vai tie\u0161\u0101m veikt re\u0123ion\u0101lais Bordo mais\u012bjums, p\u0113c defin\u012bcijas, ir gr\u016bt\u0101k, nek\u0101 taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 Cote du Rhone?\n<\/p>\n<p>\nUz sejas ir vienk\u0101r\u0161a nev\u0113l\u0113\u0161an\u0101s v\u012bna un Bordo izst\u0101d\u012bt savus vintage produktus uz asv plaukti. Francij\u0101 pats par sevi ir tik vaina \u2013 vins de telts \u2013 p\u0101rdod daudz, bet gandr\u012bz neviena no t\u0101m nav pieejams Amerik\u0101.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nCastel \u2013 iespaid\u012bga izm\u0113ra alkohola uz\u0146\u0113mums ar p\u0101rdo\u0161anas 630 miljonus pude\u013cu 2012 (saska\u0146\u0101 ar laikraksta Le Monde, 2013). Tas ir nopietns sp\u0113l\u0113t\u0101js francijas tirg\u016b, k\u0101 ar\u012b ar Malesan, pasaules lielveikalos, un da\u017eiem citiem priv\u0101tajiem z\u012bmoliem, t\u0101diem k\u0101 Batiste de Vignac un Blaissac. To \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 z\u012bmi ASV nav iesniegti.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nOktobris 2013 Castel tika atz\u012bta par popul\u0101r\u0101kais alkoholiskais z\u012bmolu, v\u012bns un citi dz\u0113rieni), \u0136\u012bn\u0101. Citi pakalpojumu sniedz\u0113ji, kuru vid\u016b Kressmann, Dourthe, Ginestet un Yvon Mau, kas p\u0101rdod &#8220;brendu&#8221; \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 v\u012bniem, nav pieg\u0101d\u0101 tos ASV. Z\u012bmols Cordier, kas paz\u012bstams, kad amerik\u0101\u0146u pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem, nevis p\u0101rdod \u0161eit nevienu no saviem z\u012bmoliem (piem\u0113ram, t\u0101du k\u0101 Collection Priv\u00e9e). Visi \u0161ie z\u012bmoli pied\u0101v\u0101 tikai nezin\u0101ms seju. sarkanie v\u012bni, sausais baltv\u012bns un roz\u0101.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAr p\u0101ris poz\u012bcijas \u0161eit ir z\u012bme &#8220;Michel Lynch&#8221;, kas izveidota ar Jean-Michel \u041a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c (Jean-Michel Cazes), slavens p\u0113c Chateau Lynch \u0411\u0430\u0436 (Ch\u00e2teau Lynch-Bages), ar v\u012bniem R\u00e9serve Graves (baltais) un M\u00e9doc. Nedaudz vair\u0101k paman\u0101ma l\u012bnija R\u00e9serve Sp\u00e9ciale no Domaines Baron de Rothschild (Lafite), kas ietver Medoc un \u041f\u043e\u0439\u044f\u043a papildus standarta balt\u0101 un sarkan\u0101 v\u012bna. Vaina ir m\u016bsdien\u012bg\u0101 stil\u0101, bet joproj\u0101m saglab\u0101 re\u0123ion\u0101lo identit\u0101ti.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPa\u0161\u0101s Savienotaj\u0101s valst\u012bs tirdzniec\u012bbas sabiedr\u012bba, \u0161\u0137iet, p\u0101r\u0101k ilgu laiku nav tic\u0113jusi, kas noz\u012bm\u0113 marku pozicion\u0113\u0161anas Bordo. 2008. gada izdevums Wine International Business \u0446\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e Sita \u0414\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0430 no W J Deutsch &amp; Co., \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e marku Yellow Tail top asv importa un kur\u0161 Georges Duboeuf visatpaz\u012bstam\u0101k\u0101 fran\u010du \u043b\u044d\u0439\u0431\u043b\u043e\u043c. L\u016bk, vi\u0146a v\u0101rdi:\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\n&#8220;Pie marku Bordo nav n\u0101kotnes&#8230; Nevar p\u0101rdot 100&#8217;000 kastes Amerikas Savienotaj\u0101s valst\u012bs viena vienk\u0101r\u0161a iemesla d\u0113\u013c: Bordo nedara v\u012bns, kas grib\u0113s dzert lielu cilv\u0113ku skaitu. \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 v\u012bns p\u0101r\u0101k \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435, p\u0101r\u0101k \u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435, ir p\u0101r\u0101k \u0161\u0137idrs liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBet, lai gan \u0161\u012b defin\u012bcija joproj\u0101m attiecas uz liel\u0101ko da\u013cu parasto \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 (sarkano Bordo v\u012bnu), ir daudz citu \u2013 m\u012bkst\u0101kas un piln\u0137erme\u0146a met\u0101la, daudz tuv\u0101k pie gaumei amerik\u0101\u0146i, nek\u0101 v\u012bna pag\u0101tnes. Sarkanv\u012bni Bordo ir nog\u0101jusi noz\u012bm\u012bgu evol\u016bciju virzien\u0101 alkoholisko dz\u0113rienu degust\u0101cija ar vair\u0101k nobriedu\u0161iem aug\u013ciem un tan\u012bni. \u0160\u012bs p\u0101rmai\u0146as liel\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 ir pien\u0101kums klimata p\u0101rmai\u0146\u0101m, lab\u0101ku izpratni par \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 termi\u0146u un r\u016bp\u012bg\u0101ka \u043e\u0442\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0445 un \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0433\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 ogas.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0113d\u0113jo aukst\u0101 ferment\u0101cij\u0101 sausie baltie v\u012bni, galvenok\u0101rt, pamatojoties uz Sauvignon Blanc un \u0421\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0439\u043e\u043d, stabili demonstr\u0113 t\u012brs, gai\u0161s, aug\u013cu raksturu. Daba un tehnolo\u0123ijas pal\u012bdz Bordo visos l\u012bme\u0146os, lai rad\u012btu v\u012bna.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nGroz\u012bjumi v\u012bna &#8221; eiropas Savien\u012bbas 2008\u00009 gg at\u013cauts nor\u0101d\u012bt v\u012bna v\u012bnogu \u0161\u0137irnes uz v\u012bna pude\u013cu eti\u0137et\u0113m, kontrol\u0113 izcelsmes. Tas var atbalst\u012bt m\u0113\u0123in\u0101jumus o vintage produktus uz amerikas tirgu. Nor\u0101de ir skaidri &#8220;60% &#8220;merlot&#8221;, 30% cabernet sauvignon un 10% cabernet franc&#8221; nosaukumam blakus v\u012bna un \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c var iev\u0113rojami palielin\u0101t p\u0101rdo\u0161anas apjomus.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n2013. Moutoni-Kadi\u0137is atbr\u012bvo Bordeaux AOP ar skaidru uzrakstu &#8220;Sauvignon blanc&#8221; uz skaida zem galven\u0101s eti\u0137etes. V\u012bns Sirius no Maison Sichel tagad valk\u0101 \u0161\u0137irnes nosaukums lieliem burtiem zem uzraksta &#8220;Bordeaux&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\n\u0421\u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pieder\u012bba \u2013 vien\u012bgais skaidru sign\u0101lu par amerik\u0101\u0146u pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju. Fran\u010du \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u044b vi\u0146am da\u017ereiz \u2013 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f nesakar\u012bgs sav\u0101rst\u012bjums.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nEvol\u016bcija gar\u0161as \u2013 otrs noz\u012bm\u012bgs faktors.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAsv pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju par\u0101da uz\u0146\u0113m\u012bbu pret jaunu spilgti \u043c\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c v\u012bniem. Eti\u0137etes, kas izr\u0101d\u0101s \u0161odien ir mod\u0113, var likties pretrun\u012bgi un pat riskanti. \u012apa\u0161i p\u0101rliecino\u0161a pan\u0101kumus sauso sarkano \u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432, kas par\u0101d\u012bja 2013 pieaugums gandr\u012bz 15%, un \u0434\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 Moscato! (avots: Nielsen, 52 weeks ending 11\/9\/13). Bet t\u0101di p\u0101rsega \u2013 tas jau ir teritorija, galvenais specializ\u0101cijas Bordo.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Martin \u0421\u0438\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432 no Frederick Wildman &amp; Sons &#8221; esmu p\u0101rliecin\u0101ts, ka &#8220;inovat\u012bvas \u0431\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 z\u012bmoliem ar \u043d\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 iepakojumu \u0161eit ir lielas iesp\u0113jas&#8221;. Viens \u0161\u0101ds projekts v\u012bnzi\u0146u Ri\u010darda \u0411\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0430 no Saint Glinglin ieg\u0101jis att\u0113liem ar peld c\u016bk\u0101m. Vi\u0146a sets no trim v\u012bnu ar spilgtu autorties\u012bbu pieeja ietver Bordo \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044c\u043e\u044c\u043d, C\u00f4tes de Bordeaux un Saint-Emilion aptuveni 35$ kas \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435. \u0411\u0435\u0442\u0442\u0441 \u043e\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442, ka &#8220;Bordo ir past\u0101v\u0113jusi vienm\u0113r, \u043d\u0435\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u044f spriedzi starp teru\u0101ru (terroir) un z\u012bmols&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/91219743da2e4bdec160bd39939fa22b.gif\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nImport\u0113t\u0101js markas Petit Chapeau re\u0123ion\u0101l\u0101s sarkano un balto v\u012bnu \u2013 saka, ka sp\u0113ks ir \u2013 &#8220;k\u0101 v\u012bna un zemu cenu.&#8221;<br \/>\nLai gan ne viens, ne otrs, ne ar\u012b pl\u0101no v\u0113l papla\u0161in\u0101t l\u012bniju ar vintage v\u012bniem, \u0161ie treknrakst\u0101 piem\u0113ri \u2013 kaut ar\u012b \u013coti pietic\u012bgs zi\u0146\u0101 \u2013 nor\u0101da p\u0101rdev\u0113js iesp\u0113jas, kas v\u0113las sabalans\u0113t stipri \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 portfelis \u0437\u0430\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 v\u012bnu. Bet, ja jums iet ar \u0161o malas, tad ir nepiecie\u0161ams s\u0101kt ar produktiem, kas atbilst pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju gaumei.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\nPagrieziens no ra\u017eot\u0101ja l\u012bdz pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jam<\/h3>\n<p>\nEmanuels \u0420\u0443\u0437\u0435 un \u017der\u0101rs \u0421\u0435\u0433\u044e\u043d sav\u0101 darb\u0101 &#8220;V\u012bna m\u0101rketings&#8221; (Le marketing du vin), kas uzst\u0101j\u012bgi \u0430\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 par jaunu pieeju, lai v\u012bna industrij\u0101 Francij\u0101. Kas ir orient\u0113ta uz ra\u017eot\u0101ja modeli, &#8220;k\u0101du v\u012bnu lai visiem \u0161odien nav dz\u012bvotsp\u0113j\u012bga. T\u0101 viet\u0101, ra\u017eot\u0101jiem ir v\u0113rts sev pajaut\u0101t: &#8220;k\u0101 pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem k\u0101da vaina?&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0160o principu ilgu laiku bija bru\u0146oti ar tirgot\u0101jiem Jaun\u0101s pasaules v\u012bniem \u2013 tiem, kas var\u0113ja uzvar\u0113t sakar\u0101 ar Bordo.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nGeneral Motors ir spiests p\u0101rdom\u0101t savu produktu l\u012bniju, lai tas atbilstu pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ju pras\u012bb\u0101m, dodoties uz \u0101rvalstu ra\u017eot\u0101jiem. Tas ir bijis gr\u016bts un \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435, bet tas bija izdz\u012bvo\u0161anas jaut\u0101jums.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nJa Bordo v\u0113las veidot savus apjomus un tirgus da\u013cu, tad re\u0123ions ir ar cie\u0146u iztur\u0113ties pret pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem t\u0101dos perspekt\u012bvos tirgos, piem\u0113ram, ASV. Ja ne dom\u0101t par struktur\u0101laj\u0101m izmai\u0146\u0101m, inf\u016bzijas iev\u0113rojamas naudas standarta veicin\u0101\u0161ana nedos adekv\u0101tu atdevi.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLai k\u0101da b\u016btu reakcija Bordo uz jaunu realit\u0101ti m\u016bsu valst\u012b un \u0101rzem\u0113s, k\u0101da strat\u0113\u0123ija, ieskaitot saglab\u0101t status quo, saist\u012bta ar risku un nenoteikt\u012bbu. Bet ir v\u0113rts jaut\u0101t, k\u0101da no t\u0101m ir saist\u012bta ar liel\u0101ku potenci\u0101lo ieguvumu le\u0123end\u0101ro v\u012bna re\u0123iona?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bordo \u2013 slaven\u0101kais francijas v\u012bna re\u0123ioniem, un to ietekme uz pasaules v\u012bna dar\u012b\u0161anai ir gr\u016bti p\u0101rv\u0113rt\u0113t. \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 v\u012bna akt\u012bvi tika eksport\u0113ti jau 14&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saistita-informacija"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6188","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6188"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6188\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6188"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6188"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6188"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}