{"id":6154,"date":"2020-01-12T22:57:31","date_gmt":"2020-01-12T19:57:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/ka-to-dara-sampanietis\/"},"modified":"2020-01-12T22:57:31","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T19:57:31","slug":"ka-to-dara-sampanietis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/ka-to-dara-sampanietis\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u0101 to dara \u0161ampanietis?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/a83bf203aa0c7c1cfc222d0c66b6dc9e.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0160ampanieti \u2013 v\u012bns ir unik\u0101ls. J\u0101s\u0101k ar to, ka, apkopojot v\u012bnogu \u0161ampanie\u0161a tehnika netiek izmantota, visu v\u0101k\u0161ana notiek manu\u0101li, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu ogas vietai presi \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c st\u0101vokl\u012b.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLai to izdar\u012btu, parastie lielie grozi nomain\u012bja mazi \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 grozi, lai apspiestu v\u012bnogas valk\u0101\u0161anas laik\u0101. Lai samazin\u0101tu laiku, p\u0101rvietot v\u012bnogu, r\u012bko punktus p\u0101rstr\u0101des tie\u0161i vid\u016b, v\u012bna.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Ja \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 balt\u0101 \u0161ampanie\u0161a no melnaj\u0101m v\u012bnog\u0101m pinot noir (ir \u0161ampanietis ir uz eti\u0137etes ir uzraksts Blanc de noirs \u2013 &#8220;blanc de noir&#8221;, t.i., &#8220;baltais un melnais&#8221;) ir nepiecie\u0161ams, lai sula nenon\u0101ktu saskar\u0113 ar tum\u0161o \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439 ogas, l\u012bdz ar to \u0161\u0101da saudz\u012bga \u0449\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>\nPres\u0113\u0161ana notiek \u0101tri, turkl\u0101t t\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101, lai b\u016btu iesp\u0113jams konsekventi un atsevi\u0161\u0137i sav\u0101kt sulu. No \u0161ejienes ir \u012bpa\u0161a forma tradicion\u0101lo \u0161ampanieti preses: taj\u0101s v\u012bnogas tiek uzb\u0113rta uz liel\u0101s virsmas, bet, ja sl\u0101\u0146a biezums b\u016btu maza, lai atvieglotu kust\u012bbu sulas. Sav\u0101kt\u0101s v\u012bnogas j\u0101b\u016bt bez boj\u0101jumiem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPres\u0113\u0161ana notiek p\u0113c stingriem noteikumiem. Pavisam ir 1 929 punkti pres\u0113\u0161anai, katrs no kuriem ir j\u0101sa\u0146em speci\u0101l\u0101 at\u013cauja uz darbu.\n<\/p>\n<p>No 4 000 kg v\u012bnogu \u0161ampanie\u0161a ra\u017eo\u0161anai var izmantot tikai 25,5 ch misa, kas ir sadal\u012bts div\u0101s frakcij\u0101s: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> <b>cuv\u00e9e<\/b> (fr. cuvee) \u2013 pirmie 2050 l <\/li>\n<li> <b>tai<\/b> (fr.taille) \u2013 \u0161\u0101di 500 l <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nVar pres\u0113t un t\u0101l\u0101k, bet tad san\u0101ks misa, nav \u0443\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0435\u0441\u044f noteikumi \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u0430, lai ra\u017eotu \u0161ampanieti. Tas ir t\u0101 saucamais <strong>\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435 v\u012bns<\/strong> (fr. reb\u00eache), kas ir par destil\u0101ciju. Jo ilg\u0101k iet pres\u0113\u0161ana, jo slikt\u0101ka kvalit\u0101te.<\/p>\n<p>\nIeg\u016bto misu tiek pieg\u0101d\u0101ta uz v\u012bna dar\u012btavu, lai v\u0113l\u0101k \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 parasto balto v\u012bnu veid\u0101.<br \/>\nZiemas beig\u0101s pagraba meistars veic \u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0436: vi\u0146\u0161 m\u0113\u0123ina v\u012bna un sajauc tos t\u0101d\u0101s proporcij\u0101s, lai pan\u0101ktu harmonisku, \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0161o z\u012bmolu gar\u0161as. Ja \u0161ampanietis ir ne \u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 (t.i., ne no ra\u017eas vien\u0101 konkr\u0113t\u0101 gada), tad tiek izmantotas rezerves v\u012bna iepriek\u0161\u0113jo gadu. Likumi Champagne \u013cauj pievienot nelielu daudzumu sarkan\u0101 v\u012bna baltais lai ieg\u016btu roz\u0101 kr\u0101su to\u0146us (kas ir aizliegts visos p\u0101r\u0113jos Francijas).<\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0113c tam s\u0101kas \u012bpa\u0161a ra\u017eo\u0161ana \u2013 pagrieziena klus\u0101 v\u012bns dzirksto\u0161ais.\n <\/p>\n<h2>&#8220;\u0428\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 metode&#8221;<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u012asts \u0161ampanietis tiek ra\u017eots t.s. <strong>\u0161ampanie\u0161a metodi<\/strong> \u2013 , izmantojot otrreiz\u0113j\u0101s r\u016bg\u0161anas pudel\u0113. <\/p>\n<p>\n To pa\u0161u metodi attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz dzirksto\u0161ajiem v\u012bniem, kas ra\u017eoti, nav \u0160ampanie\u0161a, ar terminu tradicion\u0101l\u0101 metode \u2013 m\u00e9thode traditionnelle. Tas ir \u0161\u0101ds.\n<\/p>\n<p>V\u012bnogas ir nov\u0101ktas, nos\u016bta zem preses, padara <b>pamata v\u012bns<\/b> \u2013 parasta klusa v\u012bns, diezgan sk\u0101ba, \u0113st maz kas piem\u0113rots. Tam rada sajauk\u0161anas b\u0101zes v\u012bnu, pan\u0101kot v\u0113lamo gar\u0161u, kas atbild stilistik\u0101 \u0161\u012b ra\u017eot\u0101ja. Jaukt var, piem\u0113ram, v\u012bna da\u017e\u0101dos gados, tik un v\u012bna vienas v\u012bnogu ra\u017eas. Galven\u0101 ideja \u0161o sajaucot, ko sauc par <strong>\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0431\u043b\u044f\u0436<\/strong> \u2013 pan\u0101kt, past\u0101v\u012bba gar\u0161as, izl\u012bdzinot ikgad\u0113j\u0101s sv\u0101rst\u012bbas, k\u0101 un \u012bpatn\u012bb\u0101m, kult\u016bru. Ieg\u016bto mais\u012bjumu sauc par <b>cuv\u00e9e<\/b> (cuvee). Mais\u012bjums, ko ieg\u016bst no atlas\u012bt\u0101m b\u0101zes v\u012bnu \u012bpa\u0161os m\u0113r\u0137us, sauc par <b>prestige cuv\u00e9e<\/b> (prestige cuvee)<\/p>\n<p>Ja ra\u017ea ir izcili, tad \u0161ampanietis padara tikai no t\u0101, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0161is gads uz pudeles, un ir \u0161ampanietis sauc <b>\u043c\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c<\/b> (sinon\u012bms \u2013 &#8220;\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0435&#8221;).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTad mais\u012bjumu b\u0101zes v\u012bnu iepilda pudel\u0113s un pievieno t\u0101 saukto <b>\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 li\u0137ieris<\/b> (liqueur de tirage) \u2013 v\u012bns ar \u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101tu to \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c cukuru un \u012bpa\u0161i \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 rauga celmus. Pudeles \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f pagaidu met\u0101la v\u0101ci\u0146iem (crown klp, k\u0101 uz alu), da\u017ek\u0101rt izmantojot plastmasas \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f <b>\u0431\u0438\u0434\u044e\u043b\u044c<\/b> (bidule), kas var b\u016bt formas gl\u0101z\u012btes, lai vienk\u0101r\u0161otu v\u0101k\u0161anas nogulsn\u0113m.\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/c48eb86a5b7fac9ae5c10de319bf3896.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">Variants \u0443\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f (\u0431\u0438\u0434\u044e\u043b\u044f) veid\u0101 g\u0101z\u012btes<\/p>\n<p>Da\u017ei (\u013coti maz) ra\u017eot\u0101ji veic otrreiz\u0113jai ferment\u0101cij\u0101 ar dab\u012bgas pagaidu aizb\u0101zni, argument\u0113 ar to, ka t\u0101 ir poraina strukt\u016bra l\u0113cieni nedaudz vair\u0101k sk\u0101bek\u013ca, padarot v\u012bnu maig\u0101ku, bet sp\u0113li burbu\u013ci pl\u0101n\u0101ks. \u0160aj\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 kor\u0137i uz pudeles notur sliedes, ko <b>\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444<\/b> (fr. agrafe):\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/ad8ed0e6d15e64c70e14f18e78140a4f.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">\u0410\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444 ietur pagaidu dab\u012bgo kor\u0137i laik\u0101 sekund\u0101r\u0101s ferment\u0101cijas<\/p>\n<p>\nV\u012bns pudel\u0113 atkal s\u0101k kl\u012bst, un t\u0101 k\u0101 pudele cie\u0161i \u0443\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0430, tad og\u013csk\u0101b\u0101 g\u0101ze iz\u0161\u0137\u012bst vainas, p\u0101rv\u0113r\u0161ot klusa v\u012bns dzirksto\u0161ais.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Kad r\u016bg\u0161anas process beidzas, pudeles paliek pagrab\u0101 horizont\u0101l\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b uz koka slied\u0113m (fr. sur latte) ekspon\u0113\u0161anas laika uz neizjaucot no izpl\u016bdes raugs (ekstrakts sur lie) un produkti \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430 (p\u0113c n\u0101ves sadal\u0101s). Jo ilg\u0101k izraksts uz neizjaucot, jo vair\u0101k izsmalcin\u0101ts un izsmalcin\u0101tu san\u0101k pu\u0161\u0137is. Likumdo\u0161anas vismaz Champagne ir 12 m\u0113n. ekspon\u0113\u0161anas laika dzirksto\u0161\u0101 uz neizjaucot (plus tr\u012bs m\u0113ne\u0161us p\u0113c no\u0146em\u0161anas no nogulsn\u0113m), bet praks\u0113 \u0161ie termi\u0146i vienm\u0113r ir vair\u0101k.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0113c \u0161\u0101du ekspon\u0113\u0161anas pudeles apak\u0161u uz aug\u0161u novieto uz speci\u0101la m\u016bzikas stendu, lai sav\u0101ktu nogul\u0161\u0146u kakli\u0146a.\n <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/23a3709ed40ae7a4e65237573375a0a3.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">M\u016bzikas stendu, lai manu\u0101li \u0440\u0435\u043c\u044e\u0430\u0436\u0430<\/p>\n<p id=\"terms2\">\nPudeles regul\u0101ri \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 ap savu asi, palielinot le\u0146\u0137i izkrau\u0161anas atveres \u043f\u044e\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430, t.i., pudeles pie\u0146em arvien vertik\u0101l\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b. M\u0113r\u0137is \u0161\u0101da veida manipul\u0101cijas \u2013 sav\u0101kt visu nogulsnes kakli\u0146a, ne\u013caujot tai pielipt pie art\u0113riju pudeles. \u0160o procesu sauc par <b>\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044e\u0430\u0436<\/b>. Pirmo reizi no\u0161u tur\u0113t\u0101ji, lai \u0440\u0435\u043c\u044e\u0430\u0436\u0430 tika izmantoti \u0161ampanie\u0161a nams atraitnes Clicquot.\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2a591250b699f045f86d4a98b1e08630.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">Nogulsnes pudeles \u0161ampanie\u0161a p\u0113c \u0440\u0435\u043c\u044e\u0430\u0436\u0430<\/p>\n<p>\nDaudziem m\u016bsdienu nozar\u0113s arhaisks koka no\u0161u tur\u0113t\u0101ji piek\u0101p\u0101s vietu m\u016bsdienu \u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c \u2013 autom\u0101tisk\u0101 \u044f\u0447\u0435\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0443\u0431\u0430\u043c, \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c roku darbs \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e pudeles. Ievie\u0161ot \u0161o \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 nozare ir pien\u0101kums ra\u017eot\u0101jiem kava no Katalonijas.\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/65d4d504032b5fbbb0a47aefba521493.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">Autom\u0101tiskie \u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b aizst\u0101j roku \u0440\u0435\u043c\u044e\u0430\u0436<\/p>\n<p>\nT\u0101d\u0101 veid\u0101 samont\u0113t\u0101 nogulsnes sasald\u0113, stipri \u043e\u0445\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f zonu pudeles, iegremd\u0113jot to s\u0101ls \u0161\u0137\u012bdum\u0101 vai glikola. P\u0113c tam pudeles \u2013 jau norm\u0101l\u0101 st\u0101vokl\u012b \u2013 atver, un \u043b\u044c\u0434\u044b\u0448\u043a\u0430 ar nogulsn\u0113s zem spiediena pati atst\u0101j pudeli. \u0160is process nos\u0113dumi sauc <b>\u0434\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0436<\/b> (fr. d\u00e9gorgeage). <\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0113c \u0434\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0436\u0430 veic \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0432 (lai kompens\u0113tu zaud\u0113jumus v\u012bna pa\u0146emot sald\u0113to nogulsnes) un pievieno t.s. <strong>\u0434\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 li\u0137ieris<\/strong> (liqueur de dosage, <b>vi\u0146\u0161 pats li\u0137ieris eksped\u012bcijas sp\u0113j\u0101m<\/b> liqueur d &#8216; expedition), kur\u0101 iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdin\u0101ts to pa\u0161u vainas d\u0113\u013c cukuru ar &#8220;slepeno piedevas&#8221; ra\u017eot\u0101ja un aizver past\u0101v\u012bga (dab\u012bg\u0101s garozas) kor\u0137i, zi\u0146\u0101 uz pudeles v\u012bt\u0101 stiepli \u2013 <b>\u043c\u044e\u0437\u043b\u0435<\/b>.\n<\/p>\n<p>Spiediens pudel\u0113 gatavo \u0161ampanie\u0161a: 5-6 atm.<\/p>\n<p>\nAtkar\u012bb\u0101 no t\u0101, cik cukura \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c li\u0137ier\u012b san\u0101k \u0161ampanietis da\u017e\u0101das pak\u0101pes saldumi. Ja cukurs pirms fin\u0101la \u0443\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0439 netiek pievienots, tad \u0161ampanietis sa\u0146em uzraksts <b>brut nature<\/b> vai <b>dosage z\u00e9ro<\/b>. Tas, starp citu, ne vienm\u0113r noz\u012bm\u0113 nulles cukura saturs, jo ne visi ir pak\u013cauti cukura p\u0101rstr\u0101des raugu. Bet saldums \u0161iem v\u012bniem \u2013 maz\u0101kais no visiem iesp\u0113jamiem variantiem.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160ampanieti \u2013 v\u012bns ir unik\u0101ls. J\u0101s\u0101k ar to, ka, apkopojot v\u012bnogu \u0161ampanie\u0161a tehnika netiek izmantota, visu v\u0101k\u0161ana notiek manu\u0101li, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu ogas vietai&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6154","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saistita-informacija"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6154","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6154"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6154\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6154"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6154"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6154"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}