{"id":6105,"date":"2020-01-12T22:35:37","date_gmt":"2020-01-12T19:35:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/skotu-viskiju\/"},"modified":"2020-01-12T22:35:37","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T19:35:37","slug":"skotu-viskiju","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/skotu-viskiju\/","title":{"rendered":"Skotu viskiju"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n<strong>Skotu (Scotch)<\/strong> attiecas tikai uz dz\u0113rienam, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 Skotij\u0101 (t.i., nevar b\u016bt asv l\u012bmlenti)\n <\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/814a3d4b8fade66de185ae8cad72aabc.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>Viskijs<\/strong> (saska\u0146\u0101 ar Scotch Whisky Act 1988) \u2013 tas ir stiprs alkoholisks dz\u0113riens, kur\u0161:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ra\u017eots veid\u0101, destil\u0113jot misu no graudaugiem, \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 endog\u0113n\u0101 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 iesala, piem\u0113rojot vai nepiem\u0113rojot citas dabiskas enz\u012bmu, \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e izmantojot rauga l\u012bdz cietok\u0161\u0146a ne vair\u0101k 94,8 procenti alkohola apjoma, t\u0101 lai destil\u0101ts pieder\u0113ja arom\u0101tu un gar\u0161u, kas ir rakstur\u012bga izejvielu.<\/li>\n<li>Ide\u0101lam vismaz tr\u012bs gadus koka muc\u0101s ar ietilp\u012bbu ne vair\u0101k k\u0101 700 litriem.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nV\u0101rds whisky ir atvasin\u0101ts no uiskie \u2013 samazin\u0101t \u012brijas usequebaugh un g\u0113lu uisge beatha kas tulkojum\u0101 noz\u012bm\u0113 &#8220;dz\u012bv\u012bbas \u016bdens&#8221;. Lat\u012b\u0146u valod\u0101 \u0161is termins tiek izmantots k\u0101 nosaukums jebk\u0101du alkohola, kas ieg\u016bts destil\u0101cijas metodi (lat. aqua vitae).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nRakst\u012bbas variantu viskijs ar papildus burtu &#8220;e&#8221; nosl\u0113gum\u0101 \u2013 whiskey \u2013 tipiska \u012arijas un ASV. Skotu (t.i., skotu viskijs) vienm\u0113r saukts-whisky.\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>St\u0101sts par skotu viskiju<\/li>\n<li>Re\u0123ioni Skotij\u0101<\/li>\n<li>Veidi skotu viskiju<\/li>\n<li>Apz\u012bm\u0113jumi uz eti\u0137et\u0113m<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 itemprop=\"name\">\nT\u0101 vai t\u0101: k\u0101da veida &#8220;viskijs&#8221; krievu valod\u0101?<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\nKrievu \u2013 vid\u0113j\u0101 vai v\u012brie\u0161u, ja j\u016bs v\u0113laties izcelt savu brutalit\u0101ti. Angliski ir pat sievietes, kad grib at\u0161\u0137irties \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c attieksmi pret dz\u0113rienu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nM\u016bsdienu ang\u013cu valod\u0101 viskijs \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c &#8220;do it&#8221;, nav t\u0101s saist\u012bba veids ir lietv\u0101rds, bet praks\u0113 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0445 ir norma lieto\u0161ana sievie\u0161u vietniekv\u0101rdu ar \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 objektiem, kas izsauc pie run\u0101t\u0101ja \u012bpa\u0161i maigas emocijas, neatkar\u012bgi no veida lietv\u0101rds, k\u0101 tad: m\u012b\u013c\u0101k\u0101 ma\u0161\u012bna, \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 iero\u010dus, v\u012bnu utt. T\u0101 ka str\u012bdi par \u0161o t\u0113mu ir t\u012bri ideolo\u0123isku raksturs.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f vai \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f?<\/h3>\n<p>\nV\u0113sturiski \u2013 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f. T\u0101 k\u0101 v\u012bnu (ne tikai Krievij\u0101) agr\u0101k sauca jebkuru \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0443 un stiprais alkohols, kas ieg\u016bts, &#8220;\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c&#8221; uguns no izejvielu (piem\u0113ram, graudu destil\u0101ts, sauca par &#8220;maizes v\u012bnu&#8221;). T.i., &#8220;sm\u0113\u0137\u0113t v\u012bns&#8221; noz\u012bm\u0113 vad\u012bt jebkuru destil\u0101ts. <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">Ang\u013cu valod\u0101 produkts vienas (pirm\u0101s), destil\u0113jot \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438, kuram ir zema gr\u0101du (nedaudz vair\u0101k par 20), ar\u012b sauc par &#8220;low wine&#8221; &#8211; &#8220;v\u0101jais v\u012bns&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0113l\u0101k nosaukums &#8220;\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f&#8221; p\u0101r\u0101k pareizs, jo pamat\u0101 \u2013 tie pa\u0161i procesi, tikai ar preciz\u0113\u0161anu gala produktu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Ang\u013cu valod\u0101, \u0161iem sare\u017e\u0123\u012bjumiem, n\u0113, taj\u0101 tiek izmantots univers\u0101ls v\u0101rds distillery \u2013 burtiski &#8211; &#8220;vieta, kur pavad\u012bt destil\u0101ciju&#8221;, ka var tulko ar\u012b k\u0101 &#8220;\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f&#8221;, un k\u0101 &#8220;\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f&#8221; (ja runa ir par ra\u017eo\u0161anas viskijs), un k\u0101 &#8220;p\u0101rtvaices veikals&#8221; visp\u0101r\u0113j\u0101 noz\u012bm\u0113. Bet p\u0113d\u0113j\u0101 laik\u0101 tulkotas no ang\u013cu valodas tekstos var atrast ar\u012b nemaz \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u2013 &#8220;\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f&#8221;.\n <\/p>\n<h2>St\u0101sts viskijs<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f le\u0123enda v\u0113sta, ka Sv. Patriks pirmo reizi izgatavoja viskiju \u012arij\u0101 apm\u0113ram V gadsimt\u0101, bet uz Skotiju \u0161is dz\u0113riens, kas non\u0101cis ar migr\u0101ciju ciltis un izplat\u012b\u0161anu cil\u0161u ritu\u0101lus. Le\u0123enda var \u0443\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c to, ka pats Patrick, visticam\u0101k, uzzin\u0101ju par destil\u0101ciju, atrodoties centr\u0101l\u0101s Francija \u2013 pirms do\u0161an\u0101s k\u0101 mision\u0101rs \u012arij\u0101.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nSkotijas purists uzst\u0101j, ka vi\u0146u dzimten\u0113 viskijs par\u0101d\u012bj\u0101s bez jebk\u0101da piedal\u012bties \u012brijas.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLai k\u0101 ar\u012b neb\u016btu, bet pie ra\u0161anos viskijs, t\u0101pat k\u0101 daudziem citiem jaukiem dz\u0113rieniem, iesaist\u012bti m\u016bki. Vi\u0146i dzina viskijs no graudu \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438 un s\u0101kotn\u0113ji izmantoja medic\u012bniskos nol\u016bkos.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/7d9f629aec2931720b89a6dcdadc2f0a.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\n&#8220;Asto\u0146i \u0431\u043e\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 iesala br\u0101lim D\u017eonam Mizu p\u0113c kara\u013ca pav\u0113les, lai pagatavotu dz\u012bv\u012bbas \u016bdens&#8221;, \u2013 v\u0113sta ieraksts no skotijas valsts kases 1494 gada \u2013 jau agr\u0101 rakstiskas piemin\u0113t skotu viskiju, lai gan pats dz\u0113riens piln\u012bgi noteikti past\u0101v\u0113ja gadsimtiem ilgi pirms tam.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBall (boll) \u2013 skotijas pas\u0101kumu apjomu, gad\u012bjum\u0101, ja ar \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c ir vien\u0101da ar aptuveni 212 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c. No 8 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 iesala ieskait\u012bts apm\u0113ram 1300 pudeles ar viskiju, t.i., tas noteikti nav pirmais \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 eksperiments br\u0101li Miza.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nIr ar\u012b ieraksts, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f 1506 gadu, par p\u0113rkot viskiju pie \u0446\u0438\u0440\u044e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430, lai Skotijas karalis J\u0113kaba IV. Lieta t\u0101da, ka Eirop\u0101 t\u0101 laika \u0446\u0438\u0440\u044e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 bija pirmie, dziednieki, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 un \u0137irurgu, un taj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 un izplat\u012bt\u0101ju alkohola: viskijs \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c par sp\u0113j\u012bgu iz\u0101rst\u0113t gandr\u012bz vai visu uz pasaules, no ku\u0146\u0123a koliku l\u012bdz tuberkulozes un sirds slim\u012bb\u0101m. Bet tas nenoz\u012bm\u0113, ka karalis ir slims: vi\u0146\u0161 vienk\u0101r\u0161i m\u012bl\u0113ja apg\u0101zt porciju citu stipru (&#8220;Dievs, pie\u0146em par z\u0101les&#8221;).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nLai gan taj\u0101 laik\u0101 viskijs bija dz\u0113riens ir patie\u0161\u0101m biezs un ne vienm\u0113r ir dro\u0161a, \u2013 glu\u017ei nav t\u0101 izsmalcin\u0101tu nekt\u0101rs, k\u0101 m\u0113s to paz\u012bstam \u0161odien. Tajos t\u0101lajos laikos, nebija nek\u0101du pras\u012bbu higi\u0113nas ra\u017eo\u0161anas, kvalit\u0101tes un sast\u0101va izejvielu t\u012br\u012bbas un sp\u0113ka, t\u0101 ka lieto\u0161anas rezult\u0101ts viskijs m\u016bsu sen\u010diem bija neprognoz\u0113jama. Bet, k\u0101 saka, &#8220;ka nav piln\u012bgi boj\u0101, bija padar\u012bt to sp\u0113c\u012bg\u0101ku.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<p>\nVid\u016b 1530\u0445 Apvienotaj\u0101 Karalist\u0113 notika virkne reli\u0123isko p\u0101rmai\u0146u, k\u0101 rezult\u0101t\u0101 str\u012bdi par kara\u013ca Henrija VIII ar Romu d\u0113\u013c \u0161\u0137ir\u0161an\u0101s ar Katr\u012bnu \u0410\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439. Romas kato\u013cu klosteri bija iz\u0161\u0137\u012bdina, un visas t\u0101s manta sadal\u012bta starp anglijas un skotijas mui\u017enieki. M\u016bkiem n\u0101c\u0101s p\u0101rtraukt ra\u017eo\u0161ana ritu\u0101ls v\u012bnu, un daudzi no vi\u0146iem p\u0101rg\u0101ja uz destil\u0101ciju, nesot savas zin\u0101\u0161anas lajiem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBeig\u0101s 17\u0433\u043e gadsimta viskijs ir k\u013cuvusi tik popul\u0101ra, ka skotijas parlaments neiztur\u0113ja un vi\u0146\u0161 p\u0101rvilka ar iesals \u043d\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 nodok\u013ciem, kuru d\u0113\u013c leg\u0101liem \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 tikko izg\u0101ja uz nulli.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/0302b7742f326b4216eb62410d1d4920.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nSekoja ilgs periods, kontrabandas un pagr\u012bdes destil\u0101cijas. \u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 un pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101ji viskijs apvieno sp\u0113kus, lai saglab\u0101tu ierasto dz\u012bves veidu, nemaks\u0101jot \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 nodok\u013cus.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nSitu\u0101cija bija l\u012bdz\u012bga laiki &#8221; saus\u0101 likuma ASV, tikai t\u0101 viet\u0101, bra\u0161s \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0431\u044b un \u043f\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u044c uz melnajiem \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0445 Eirop\u0101 g\u0101jiens g\u0101ja zobenus un rati\u0146i. Jau tad tika izdom\u0101ts p\u0101rvad\u0101t viskijs kapos, sl\u0113pt bazn\u012bcas katedr\u0101s un ieejas pagrabos, braucam labi \u0443\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044b\u0445 me\u017ea patversm\u0113s un pat al\u0101s. Izmantoti speci\u0101li grupas br\u012bdin\u0101jumi un \u012bpa\u0161us sign\u0101lus, lai br\u012bdin\u0101tu par izskatu iest\u0101d\u0113m. Starp pagr\u012bdes \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 bija asi\u0146aina demont\u0101\u017ea par kontroli p\u0101r teritorij\u0101m \u2013 k\u0101 v\u0113l\u0101k vi\u0146u vid\u016b rietumu &#8220;kol\u0113\u0123iem&#8221; bootleggers laik\u0101 saus\u0101 likuma.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nGalu gal\u0101, p\u0113c 150 gadiem hercogs Gordons (pats par sevi skaidrs, kam pieder uzlik\u0161anu kapit\u0101la da\u013cu \u0113nu tirdzniec\u012bbas viskijs) pan\u0101cis parlament\u0101 groz\u012bjumus likum\u0101, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 un atvieglo ra\u017eo\u0161ana viskijs. 1823. gad\u0101 izn\u0101ca Akc\u012bzes Akts, ar ko paredz nelielu abonentmaksas un fiks\u0113tu nodevu, ar galonu spirta, daudz maz\u0101ku sp\u0113k\u0101 iepriek\u0161. Melnais tirgus pazuda gandr\u012bz piln\u012bb\u0101.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nDaudzi slaveni \u0161odien, ra\u017eot\u0101ji, viskiju \u2013 toreiz\u0113jie n\u0101ca no pazemes, un &#8220;datums pamatnes&#8221; uz m\u016bsdienu eti\u0137etes, tas visbie\u017e\u0101k sa\u0146em\u0161anas dienas pirmaj\u0101 licence \u2013 iev\u0113rojami jaun\u0101ka, nek\u0101 re\u0101lu datumu pamats.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nVid\u016b 1800\u0445 viskijs ir ieguvis jaunu impulsu att\u012bst\u012bb\u0101, pateicoties diviem svar\u012bgs apst\u0101k\u013ciem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n1831. gad\u0101 \u042d\u043d\u0438\u0430\u0441 Koffi (Aeneas Coffey) iepaz\u012bstin\u0101ja ar savu kubu, lai nep\u0101rtrauktu destil\u0101cijas, kur\u0161 sa\u0146\u0113mis t\u0101ds pats nosaukums (kubs Coffey), ko izmanto v\u0113l \u0161odien, lai ra\u017eotu noteiktas skotu viskija, jo t\u0101 \u013cauj sa\u0146emt kvalitat\u012bvu un t\u012bru destil\u0101ts, neizmantojot past\u0101v\u012bgo \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e kuba.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/0bb6bb6078f54cd77d1a922ffb0ae917.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">Obanas viskija apar\u0101ts Kofijs<\/p>\n<p>\nTurkl\u0101t, otraj\u0101 pus\u0113-18. gs. kontinent\u0101laj\u0101 Eirop\u0101 epid\u0113mija izc\u0113l\u0101s laputs, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f liel\u0101ko da\u013cu v\u012bna d\u0101rziem, tai skait\u0101 ar v\u012bte\u0146augiem, lai ra\u017eotu brendiju (v\u012bnogu destil\u0101tu). Mekl\u0113jot risin\u0101jumus, lai \u0161o postu (k\u0101 potes v\u012bnogul\u0101jiem uz asv saknes), ir aizg\u0101ju\u0161i desmit gadu laik\u0101. \u0160aj\u0101 laik\u0101 tirgus viet\u0101 brendijs izveidoj\u0101s milz\u012bgs caurums, kuru labpr\u0101t aizpild\u012bja viskijs.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\u0160odien ra\u017eo t\u016bksto\u0161iem pre\u010du nosaukumu l\u012bmlenti, bet tie visi ir sakrautas viena no galvenaj\u0101m kategorij\u0101m.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Re\u0123ioni skotu viskiju<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0122eogr\u0101fija un klimats ietekm\u0113 stili skotu viskiju, \u2013 k\u0101 gad\u012bjum\u0101 ar v\u012bnu, bet maz\u0101k\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 un sav\u0101d\u0101k. Noz\u012bm\u012bgu ieguld\u012bjumu veicina \u016bdens un gaiss ap distillery. Pla\u0161i tiek izmantotas ar\u012b viet\u0113j\u0101s \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u016bdens. To cietvielu un &#8220;maigums&#8221; \u2013 svar\u012bga sast\u0101vda\u013ca kvalit\u0101tes viskija. <\/p>\n<p>\nPiekrastes \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u0435\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 v\u0113ju, bie\u017ei vien ra\u017eo viskiju ar s\u0101\u013co raksturu un arom\u0101tisko j\u016bras br\u012bze. Kam\u0113r v\u0113l svaigs un \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0439 gaiss \u041d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439, t\u0101pat k\u0101 vi\u0146a lab\u0101k vir\u0161iem gaiss k\u016bdras \u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0439 Orkneju sal\u0101s, ienes savu raksturu viet\u0113jo spirtu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nViens no galvenajiem raksturlielumiem viskijs \u2013 &#8220;d\u016bmus&#8221; \u2013 ir saist\u012bts ar k\u016bdras. D\u016bmi no t\u0101 pie\u0161\u0137ir \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443\u0441\u044f graudam atpaz\u012bstams arom\u0101ts, ar pan\u0101kumiem ce\u013cojo\u0161o par gatavu destil\u0101ts. Visvair\u0101k saprotama paral\u0113les ar v\u012bnu \u2013 izmanto\u0161ana jaunu mucu, skaidri \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 izveidotaj\u0101 pu\u0161\u0137\u012b. <\/p>\n<p>\nD\u016bmu raksturs ir daudz liel\u0101k\u0101 m\u0113r\u0101 piem\u012bt viskijs rietumu da\u013c\u0101 Skotij\u0101, kur virsroku k\u016bdras purvu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTom\u0113r, m\u016bsdienu ra\u017eo\u0161anas tehnolo\u0123iju viskijs \u013cauj b\u016btiski ietekm\u0113t vi\u0146a stils, izl\u012bdzinot vides faktori. Galu gal\u0101, re\u0123ion\u0101lais stils viskijs nosaka dr\u012bz\u0101k trad\u012bcij\u0101m, nek\u0101 teru\u0101ru (terroir). <\/p>\n<h3>\n\u041a\u044d\u043c\u043f\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043d (Campbeltown)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nDienvidu pussalas da\u013ca, kas k\u0101dreiz \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f galvenais centrs viskija ra\u017eo\u0161anai. Tagad \u0161eit darbojas tikai tr\u012bs r\u016bpn\u012bcas, jo liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca vienk\u0101r\u0161i nav piedz\u012bvojusi kop\u0161 Liel\u0101s Depresijas.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nViskijs no \u0161ejienes \u2013 paraugs bilances s\u0101\u013cuma, medus-ziedu, saldumu un \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 to\u0146os.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0101rst\u0101vji: Springbank, Glen Scotia, Glengyle<\/p>\n<h3>\nHighland (Highlands) Augstienes<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nDienvidrietumos. Tas ir diezgan pies\u0101tin\u0101ts viskijs, bet bie\u017ei vien ar saldu d\u016bmu \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, vair\u0101k izskat\u0101s p\u012bpju tabakas vai d\u016bmi no grila, nek\u0101 uz k\u016bdras purvu. Ar\u012b \u0161eit var atrast pat\u012bkami pikants, nedaudz r\u016bgta toni, k\u0101 tum\u0161\u0101s \u0161okol\u0101des un kafijas autom\u0101ti.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTaj\u0101 pa\u0161\u0101 laik\u0101 vair\u0101ki da\u017e\u0101du mikro klimata zonas, un starp\u012bba \u016bdens sast\u0101v\u0101 noved pie t\u0101, ka Highland skotu var at\u0161\u0137irties attiec\u012bb\u0101 uz m\u0113r\u0101 \u0434\u044b\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, r\u016bgtuma un salduma.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0101rst\u0101vji: Aberlour, Benriach, Glen Garioch, Glenmorangie, Glen Grant, Edradour, Dalmore, Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, Dalwhinnie, Clynelish un pr<\/p>\n<h3>\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0434 (Speyside)<\/h3>\n<p>\nCentr\u0101lais zieme\u013ciem no Skotijas. \u0160eit ir koncentr\u0113ta liel\u0101k\u0101 da\u013ca r\u016bpn\u012bcu.<br \/>\nRajons ietilpst Highland (augstienes), bet no t\u0101 lieluma un stila ra\u017eo\u0161anas izdal\u012bts atsevi\u0161\u0137\u0101 zon\u0101.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nViskijs no \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430 parasti ir vair\u0101k pies\u0101tin\u0101ti, vair\u0101k \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044b, ar \u043c\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 un &#8220;\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438&#8221; not\u012bm. \u0160eit ir d\u016bmu paraugi, bet b\u016bt\u012bb\u0101 nav, piem\u0113ram, k\u016bdras, gan Eila.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0101rst\u0101vji: Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, Glenfarclas, Macallan, Balvenie, Glenrothes, Benriach, Ardmore, un daudzi, daudzi citi.\n <\/p>\n<h3>\n\u041b\u043e\u0443\u043b\u044d\u043d\u0434 (Lowlands) L\u012bdzenumiem<br \/>\n <\/h3>\n<p>\nIr dz\u012bvoklis un dienvidu re\u0123ioniem. Viskijs no \u0161ejienes parasti nav d\u016bmu, aug\u013cu, ziedu, viegli \u043f\u044c\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f. <\/p>\n<p>P\u0101rst\u0101vji: Auchentoshan, Glenkinchie, Bladnoch.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\nSalas (The Islands)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n&#8220;Salas&#8221; nevajadz\u0113tu jaukt ar salu, Eila dienvidos, kas izce\u013cas. Salas, k\u0101 re\u0123ions, kas atrodas uz zieme\u013ciem.\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Skye (Skye) \u2013 dzimtene \u0434\u044b\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e viskijs \u0422\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0440 (Talisker)<\/li>\n<li>Orkneju (Orkney) \u2013 vietu, kur tiek ra\u017eotas sweet, tikko d\u016bmu Highland Park (Highland Park) un \u0421\u043a\u0430\u043f\u0430 (Scapa).<\/li>\n<li>Sala \u0416\u0443\u0440\u0430 (vai \u0414\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0430) \u2013 tie\u0161i \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f Isle of Jura ra\u017eo nedaudz k\u016bpin\u0101ta viskijs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\nEila (Islay)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nSala, kur\u0101 ra\u017eo visvair\u0101k d\u016bmu paraugi skotu viskijs: Laphroaig, Ardbeg, Caol Ila, Lagavulin, Bowmore un citi.<br \/>\nK\u0101 min\u0113ts iepriek\u0161, \u0161aj\u0101 re\u0123ion\u0101 ir ar\u012b daudz maz\u0101k d\u016bmu iesp\u0113jas. Piem\u0113ram, Bruichladdich izlai\u017e un &#8220;k\u016bpin\u0101tu&#8221; un &#8220;ne k\u016bpin\u0101ts&#8221; stilu. Bunnahabhain \u2013 piln\u012bgi nav \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f nav k\u016bdru.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBet galvenais noteikums ir : Eila = d\u016bmain\u012bba\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nPast\u0101v vair\u0101ki neatkar\u012bgi uz\u0146\u0113mumi (\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b) , kas nodarbojas ar ra\u017eo\u0161anu viskijs no destil\u0101ta, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e pie da\u017e\u0101diem \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d. T\u0101di ra\u017eot\u0101ji veic \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e materi\u0101la, to ekspon\u0113\u0161anas laiku un \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 ar t\u0101l\u0101ku p\u0101rdo\u0161anu zem sava z\u012bmola.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nT\u0101di ra\u017eot\u0101ji bie\u017ei vien eksperiment\u0113 ar veidu muc\u0101m (piem\u0113ram, saglab\u0101jot viskija muc\u0101s zem ruma, portv\u012bna, dabiskiem saldajiem v\u012bniem), iztur\u0113\u0161anas termi\u0146iem un visp\u0101r sliecas uz eksperimentiem un netradicion\u0101l\u0101 elementiem ra\u017eo\u0161anas.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Apz\u012bm\u0113jumi uz eti\u0137et\u0113m<\/h2>\n<p>\nK\u0101das paz\u012bmes var uzzin\u0101t no eti\u0137etes viskijs:\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"cs\">\n<b>Cask strength<\/b> \u2013 \u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f cietoksnis.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nParasti iztur\u0113ts viskijs, pirms \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c at\u0161\u0137aid\u012btu ar \u016bdeni l\u012bdz tradicion\u0101l\u0101s cietok\u0161\u0146a 40-43 %. Cietoksnis ir viskijs, kas muc\u0101 beig\u0101m minim\u0101lo ekspon\u0113\u0161anas laiku (3 gadi) dr\u012bkst p\u0101rsniegt par 60 gr\u0101diem. T\u0101p\u0113c viskijs, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 tie\u0161i no mucas bez izl\u012bdzin\u0101\u0161anas gr\u0101diem (viskijs \u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 cietok\u0161\u0146a), var b\u016bt alkohola saturs sv\u0101rst\u0101s no 50 l\u012bdz vair\u0101k nek\u0101 70 % tilp.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/4c6730d87f32462ea718b694012ce3dd.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"sb\">\n<b>Single barrel \/ Single cask<\/b> (\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435) \u2013 uzraksts uz eti\u0137etes, kas nor\u0101da uz to, ka viskijs nav \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d no da\u017e\u0101d\u0101m muc\u0101m, un ielej no vienas konkr\u0113tas. V\u0113rt\u012bba \u0161\u0101da viskijs ar viedok\u013ca smar\u017eu un gar\u0161u, ir subjekt\u012bva: viskijs no atsevi\u0161\u0137u mucas var jums patikt vair\u0101k vai maz\u0101k tradicion\u0101l\u0101s \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0430 \u0161\u012b ra\u017eot\u0101ja. Bet svar\u012bgi ir tas, ka \u0161\u0101da skaits viskijs vienm\u0113r ir \u013coti ierobe\u017eots \u2013 izm\u0113ri \u0161\u012bs mucas (sk. ar\u012b \u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f cietoksnis)\n<\/p>\n<p><b><br \/>\nNon-chill filtered<\/b> \u2013 nevis pag\u0101tnes aukst\u0101 filtr\u0113\u0161anu\n <\/p>\n<p>\nVisbie\u017e\u0101k pirms \u0440\u043e\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043c pudeles viskijs iet par t\u0101 saucamo &#8220;auksto filtr\u0113t&#8221;, kuras j\u0113ga ir t\u0101da, lai filtr\u0113tu savienojumu, kas veido du\u013c\u0137ainumu suspensija atdzes\u0113\u0161anas viskijs. Lieta t\u0101da, ka pat\u0113r\u0113t\u0101jiem bie\u017ei jauc nogulsnes, kas par\u0101d\u0101s viskijs aukstum\u0101 (piem\u0113ram, pievienojot ledus), gan \u013cauna tur nav.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Turkl\u0101t, sast\u0101v\u0101 \u0161o suspensiju, tiek atsij\u0101ts un da\u013ca arom\u0101tisko savienojumu. T\u0101p\u0113c da\u017ei ra\u017eot\u0101ji dod priek\u0161roku pu\u0161\u0137is izskata un nedara iepriek\u0161\u0113ju aukst\u0101 filtr\u0113\u0161anu savu viskiju, par ko zi\u0146o uzraksts uz eti\u0137etes.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/372c99862edf732eb51da83f539bb1ef.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nInteresanta t\u0113ma pazin\u0113jiem viskiju ir t\u0101 saucamie &#8220;\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438-spoki&#8221;, t.i., uz\u0146\u0113mumi, kas p\u0101rtrauku\u0161i savu darb\u012bbu, bet kuru spirti tika izpirktas min\u0113tajiem neatkar\u012bgiem producentiem un tagad izmanto, lai emisijas limita izdevumos viskijs vai p\u0101rdod t\u0101l\u0101k. Bie\u017ei tas ir \u0113rts gad\u012bjums cien\u012bt\u0101js, vai kolekcion\u0101ra nopirkt viskiju interesanta vecum\u0101 p\u0113c cen\u0101m, kas zem\u0101kas par l\u012bdz\u012bgu paraugu eso\u0161o r\u016bpn\u012bcu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPasaule ir viskijs, kas past\u0101v\u012bgi main\u0101s. Pieredze m\u016bsdienu ra\u017eot\u0101jiem un l\u012bme\u0146a tehnisko apr\u012bkojumu, kas \u013cauj izveidot \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0443\u044e palete gaumi un stilu viskijs, k\u0101du no uzbrukuma tehnik\u0101m bag\u0101t\u012bbu un daudzveid\u012bbu: no stabilas un re\u0101liem veidiem lielo z\u012bmolu l\u012bdz neticami eksperimenti versij\u0101s limited edition mazajiem ra\u017eot\u0101jiem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDzeriet, stud\u0113jiet, izbaudiet! Pat\u012bkamu jums degust\u0101ciju. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Skotu (Scotch) attiecas tikai uz dz\u0113rienam, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 Skotij\u0101 (t.i., nevar b\u016bt asv l\u012bmlenti) Viskijs (saska\u0146\u0101 ar Scotch Whisky Act 1988) \u2013 tas ir&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saistita-informacija"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6105"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6105\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/lv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}