{"id":2992,"date":"2020-01-09T11:52:09","date_gmt":"2020-01-09T08:52:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/vino-rakousku\/"},"modified":"2020-01-09T11:52:09","modified_gmt":"2020-01-09T08:52:09","slug":"vino-rakousku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/vino-rakousku\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edno Rakousku"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Rakousko \u2013 hornat\u00fd, bez vnitrozemsk\u00fd zem\u011b ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f skute\u010dn\u00fd renesan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho vina\u0159stv\u00ed.\n <\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/a19fb28503951b5410879fadb1baeb7d.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\n D\u011bl\u00e1 obrovskou cestu od dlouh\u00fdch desetilet\u00edch rozpor\u016f a zoufalstv\u00ed v oboru do skute\u010dn\u011b vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed okraj evropsk\u00e9ho vina\u0159stv\u00ed \u2013 l\u00eddra v kvalit\u011b a inovac\u00edch, Rakousko se poda\u0159ilo naj\u00edt rovnov\u00e1hu mezi tradic\u00ed jako sladk\u00e9 v\u00edno \u0410\u0443\u0441\u0431\u0440\u0443\u0445 (Ausbruch), &#8222;slam\u011bn\u00fd&#8220; \u0428\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0439\u043d (Strohwein) a vytvo\u0159en\u00edm modern\u00edch v\u00edn jako rozpoznateln\u00e9 vzorky z odr\u016fdy gruner \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u2013 b\u00e1sn\u011b, \u010derstv\u00e9, nejp\u0159\u00e1tel\u0161t\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.\n <\/p>\n<h2>Odr\u016fdy vinn\u00e9 r\u00e9vy<\/h2>\n<p>\nOfici\u00e1ln\u011b ve v\u00fdrob\u011b kvalitn\u00edch rakousk\u00fdch v\u00edn je povoleno 35 odr\u016fd r\u00e9vy vinn\u00e9, z nich\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 dv\u011b t\u0159etiny b\u00edl\u00e9. Mezi nimi je na prvn\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b v objemu produkce gruner \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440, na druh\u00e9m \u2013 ryzlink r\u00fdnsk\u00fd.<br \/>\nNejlep\u0161\u00ed v\u00edna z t\u011bchto odr\u016fd d\u011blaj\u00ed v regionech \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c, Wachau a \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nOstatn\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 odr\u016fdy, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro vina\u0159stv\u00ed v Rakousku: chardonnay, sauvignon blanc, \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0433 a pinot blanc (\u0430\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440. \u0432\u0430\u0439\u0441\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 Weissburgunder).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nRakousk\u00e9 \u010derven\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z odr\u016fd \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438\u0448, \u0446\u0432\u0430\u0439\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442, saint-laurent (nebo \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442 \u043b\u0430\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442 n\u011bmecky), pinot noir (je to stejn\u00fd \u0431\u043b\u0430\u0443\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0435\u0440 Blauburgunder).\n<\/p>\n<h2>Geografie vina\u0159stv\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>\nRakousko se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v srdci Evropy, mezi 46 a 48 severn\u00edch zem\u011bpisn\u00fdch \u0161\u00ed\u0159k\u00e1ch \u2013 na jedn\u00e9 \u00farovni s centr\u00e1ln\u00ed Francie a na jih od N\u011bmecka. Je logick\u00e9, \u017ee jsou zde o n\u011bco teplej\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e v N\u011bmecku, co\u017e se odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed v charakteru v\u00edna: Rakousko klade mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed d\u016fraz na \u010derven\u00e1 v\u00edna, ne\u017e jej\u00ed severn\u00ed soused.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAle pro vina\u0159stv\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 je nejen \u0161\u00ed\u0159e. Kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v narozen\u00ed rakousk\u00fdch v\u00edn hraje topografie. V krajin\u011b je velk\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed zem\u011b, zejm\u00e9na v z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti dominuj\u00ed studen\u00e9 V\u00fdchodn\u00ed Alpy. Zat\u00edmco na v\u00fdchod\u011b se t\u00e1hne tepl\u00e9 \u041f\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f (\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f) roviny.\n<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/02a5877fb587402d5a8f23b9d355d2dc.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Vina\u0159sk\u00e9 regiony Rakouska, jsou zam\u011b\u0159eny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na severov\u00fdchod\u011b zem\u011b, na hranic\u00edch spolkov\u00e9 zem\u011b Doln\u00ed Rakousko (Niederosterreich), hrani\u010d\u00edc\u00ed s Ma\u010farskem, \u010deskou republikou, Slovenskem a Slovinskem.\n <\/p>\n<p>Od st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho vlivu Rakousko je oplocen Alpami, tak\u017ee klima je ost\u0159e kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed, s drahokamu p\u0159ekro\u010den\u00ed denn\u00edch a sez\u00f3nn\u00edch teplot. Samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, \u017ee mezi m\u00edstn\u00edmi klimatick\u00fdmi \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0443\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 le\u017e\u00ed \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu lok\u00e1ln\u00ed \u043c\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432, m\u00edsty spolu s vyhlazen\u00e9 velk\u00e1 jezera, jako je \u0159eka Dunaj (v ji\u017en\u00edch oblastech) a jezero \u041d\u043e\u0439\u0437\u0438\u0434\u043b\u044c.\n <\/p>\n<p>Vina\u0159stv\u00ed v Rakousku sleduje jeho historii od dob \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Stopy vina\u0159stv\u00ed 2000-letn\u00ed lety byly nalezeny v okol\u00ed \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0443\u043c\u0430 (Carnuntum) a \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430 (Thermenregion). Strm\u00e9 terasy pod\u00e9l Dunaje a jeho p\u0159\u00edtok\u016f ve Wachau a \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435 byl vyr\u00e1b\u011bn mnichy z kl\u00e1\u0161ter\u016f Bavorska a Salzburgu. <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">Vinice V\u00eddn\u011b aktivn\u011b udr\u017eovali tradici &#8222;\u0445\u043e\u0439\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0435\u043d&#8220; (heurigen) \u2013 n\u00e1rodn\u00ed restaurac\u00ed a taveren, ve kter\u00fdch \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c mlad\u0161\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00ed v\u00edno. <\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161inu 20 stolet\u00ed Rakousko spojen s mohutn\u00fdm sladk\u00e1 v\u00edna z odr\u016fd m\u00fcller thurgau a gruner \u0432\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440. Ale dnes se v\u00fdrobci zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na \u010derstv\u00fdch such\u00fdch b\u00edl\u00fdch v\u00edn, z nich\u017e \u010d\u00e1st je schopna dob\u0159e vyv\u00edjet. <\/p>\n<p>Tomu p\u0159isp\u011bl i skand\u00e1l z roku 1985, kdy v n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u00ednech masov\u00e9 v\u00fdroby objevili diethylenglykolu \u2013 kl\u00ed\u010dovou slo\u017ekou pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 nemrznouc\u00ed sm\u011bs, kter\u00e1 bezohledn\u00ed v\u00fdrobci p\u0159id\u00e1vali do v\u00edna d\u00e1vat mu v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sladkosti a hustoty. <\/p>\n<p>Tento skand\u00e1l se stal pohromou pro vina\u0159sk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu Rakousku, jak pokud jde o pov\u011bst, tak pokud jde o export. Tehdy byly zavedeny p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 z\u00e1kony a v\u00edno pr\u016fmysl se poda\u0159ilo resuscitovat.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Regiony a klasifikace<\/h2>\n<p>\n Vinn\u00fd l\u00edstek Rakousku zastoupena 13 hlavn\u00edmi oblastmi, z nich\u017e \u010d\u00e1st se shoduje se spr\u00e1vn\u00edmi jednotkami, \u010d\u00e1st je zastoupena \u010dist\u011b vinn\u00fdmi kategoriemi \u2013 kontrolovan\u00e9 ozna\u010den\u00ed p\u016fvodu v\u00edna (\u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438, viz n\u00ed\u017ee). <\/p>\n<p><strong>Hlavn\u00ed vina\u0159sk\u00e9 regiony Rakouska:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0411\u0435\u0440\u0433\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434 (Bergland)<\/li>\n<li> \u0411\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434 (Burgenland)<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0443\u043d\u0442\u0443\u043c (Carnuntum)<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c (Kamptal)<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c (Kremstal)<\/li>\n<li> Doln\u00ed Rakousko (Niederosterreich)<\/li>\n<li> \u0160t\u00fdrsko (Steiermark)<\/li>\n<li> \u0422\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0440\u0435\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043d (Thermenregion)<\/li>\n<li> \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c (Traisental)<\/li>\n<li> V\u00edde\u0148 (Wien)<\/li>\n<li> Wachau (Wachau)<\/li>\n<li> \u0412\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c (Wagram)<\/li>\n<li> Regionu Weinviertel (Weinviertel)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\n V roce 2003 byl v Rakousku zaveden syst\u00e9m \u0430\u043f\u0435\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u2013 <strong>DAC<\/strong> (Districtus Austriae Controllatus), obdoba francouzsk\u00e9ho AOC. Stejn\u011b jako v ostatn\u00edch podobn\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech, zde maj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed po\u017eadavky na v\u00edna z r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0432 v \u010d\u00e1sti v\u00fdstup na hektar, tvrze, expozice v dub\u011b a ave Smysl, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b, je zaru\u010dit spot\u0159ebiteli odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00edna s uveden\u00edm DAC klasick\u00e9mu stylu dan\u00e9 lokalit\u011b.\n <\/p>\n<p>Do roku 2018 v Rakousku ustanoven <strong>13 kategori\u00ed DAC:<\/strong><\/p>\n<li>Regionu weinviertel DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041c\u0438\u0442\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434 DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u0422\u0440\u0430\u0439\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0448\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041a\u0430\u043c\u043f\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041b\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433 DAC<\/li>\n<li> Eisenberg DAC<\/li>\n<li> \u041d\u043e\u0439\u0437\u0438\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0437\u0435\u0435 DAC<\/li>\n<li> Wiener \u0413\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0448\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0417\u0430\u0442\u0446 DAC<\/li>\n<li> Roz\u00e1lie DAC<\/li>\n<li> Sope\u010dn\u00e9 \u0160t\u00fdrsko DAC<\/li>\n<li> Ji\u017en\u00ed \u0160t\u00fdrsko DAC<\/li>\n<li> Z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u0160t\u00fdrsko DAC<\/li>\n<p>\n Rakousk\u00e9 v\u00edno z\u00e1kony do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na z\u00e1kony sousedn\u00edm N\u011bmecku. Rakousk\u00e1 klasifikace v\u00edn podle kvality zalo\u017een\u00fd na hustot\u011b ka\u0161e (\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 bobul\u00ed) na \u041a\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 tabulce (Klosterneuburger Mostwaage nebo KMW).<\/p>\n<p> Rozli\u0161ujeme <strong>3 \u00farovn\u011b kvality rakousk\u00fdch v\u00edn<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> Tafelwein \u2013 stoln\u00ed v\u00edno<\/li>\n<li> Qualitatswein \u2013 kvalitn\u00ed v\u00edno<\/li>\n<li> Pradikatswein \u2013 v\u00edno nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy s rozd\u00edly (ve v\u00fdrob\u011b)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Terminologie rakousk\u00fdch etiket tak\u00e9 podobn\u00e1 n\u011bmeck\u00e9, ale po\u017eadavky na \u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 ka\u0161e je m\u00edrn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed (p\u0159esto region teplej\u0161\u00ed).\n<\/p>\n<p>\n V regionu Wachau, kter\u00fd zat\u00edm nem\u00e1 sv\u00e9ho DAC, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u043e\u0437\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 kvalitn\u00ed v\u00fdrobci vyvinuli svou t\u0159\u00ed-\u00farov\u0148ov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu klasifikace:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li> \u0428\u0442\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0444\u0438\u0434\u0435 (Steinfeder) \u2013 ty lehk\u00e9, sv\u011b\u017e\u00ed v\u00edno<\/li>\n<li> \u0424\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0448\u043f\u0438\u043b\u044c (Federspiel) \u2013 v\u00edce hust\u00e9 a elegantn\u00ed<\/li>\n<li> \u0417\u043c\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0434 (Smaragd) \u2013 ty plnohodnotn\u00e9 a bohat\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p> Zdroj: wine-searcher.com May 2019 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rakousko \u2013 hornat\u00fd, bez vnitrozemsk\u00fd zem\u011b ve St\u0159edn\u00ed Evrop\u011b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f skute\u010dn\u00fd renesan\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho vina\u0159stv\u00ed. D\u011bl\u00e1 obrovskou cestu od dlouh\u00fdch desetilet\u00edch rozpor\u016f a zoufalstv\u00ed&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informace"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2992"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2992\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}