{"id":2959,"date":"2020-01-09T11:38:24","date_gmt":"2020-01-09T08:38:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/chemie-a-vnimani-vune-vina\/"},"modified":"2020-01-09T11:38:24","modified_gmt":"2020-01-09T08:38:24","slug":"chemie-a-vnimani-vune-vina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/chemie-a-vnimani-vune-vina\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemie a vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016fn\u011b v\u00edna"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\nNa\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed vinn\u00e9 \u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u2013 a to jak v \u010d\u00e1sti mechanismu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed osobou, a v \u010d\u00e1sti chemick\u00fd z\u00e1klad v\u016fn\u011b \u2013 siln\u011b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c v posledn\u00edch letech. Je to neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 pole pro zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, na n\u011bm\u017e se prot\u00ednaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 discipl\u00edny, v\u010detn\u011b i filozofii a psychologii.\n <\/p>\n<p>  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/33a5024ae7e05a18ac9eb0e41e2dbe65.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nV\u00edno \u2013 olb\u0159\u00edm\u00ed chemick\u00e1 l\u00e1tka. Mnoh\u00e9 l\u00e1tky jsou v jeho slo\u017een\u00ed maj\u00ed chu\u0165 a v\u016fn\u011b. Ale vybrat z nich kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 n\u011bkdy velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, proto\u017ee oni jsou ve slo\u017eit\u00e9 interakci: jedny maj\u00ed \u043c\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 efekt, jin\u00e9 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439, t\u0159et\u00ed jsou obsa\u017eeny v mno\u017estv\u00edch pod \u00farove\u0148 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed, ale vliv na vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed okoln\u00edch slou\u010denin.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nD\u0159\u00edve se domn\u00edvali, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010dit kytici v\u00edna jen \u0432\u044b\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0432 sada p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed v jeho slo\u017een\u00ed \u0432\u043a\u0443\u0441\u043e\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 l\u00e1tek v mno\u017estv\u00ed nad hranic\u00ed. Ale uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee to tak nen\u00ed.\n <\/p>\n<p>\nJedna z ned\u00e1vn\u00fdch studi\u00ed zahrnovalo podivuhodn\u00fd experiment. Z v\u00edna je izolov\u00e1n t\u011bkav\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, odch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed jen jeho \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443\u0447\u0443\u044e matice. Pak \u010d\u00e1st z nich vr\u00e1til na v\u00edno, identifikace, vliv, kter\u00fd maj\u00ed na chu\u0165 smazan\u00e9 komponenty. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup dal neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky.\n <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nV ur\u010dit\u00e9 f\u00e1zi experimentu uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee v\u00edno je slo\u017een\u00e9 z \u043d\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0439 matice \u010derven\u00e9ho v\u00edna a t\u011bkav\u00e9 slo\u017eky b\u00edl\u00e9ho, c\u00edtil jak se \u010derven\u00e1, a naopak. Je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9!\n<\/p>\n<p>\nNa\u0161e vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00edna \u2013 velmi zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 t\u00e9ma. Ji\u017e v\u00edme, \u017ee ochutn\u00e1vka v\u00edna \u2013 proces \u043c\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439: v n\u011bm se pod\u00edl\u00ed jazyk, nos, o\u010di a dokonce i u\u0161i. Hraj\u00ed roli a hmatov\u00e9 vjemy \u00fastn\u00ed dutiny. V\u0161echny tyto informace \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f v mozku, a k tomu \u010dasu, kdy\u017e si uv\u011bdom\u00edme z\u00edskan\u00e9 pocity, ji\u017e do\u0161lo k zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00e9ho objemu informac\u00ed. Na\u0161e znalosti a p\u0159edchoz\u00ed zku\u0161enosti degustac\u00ed tak\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho v\u00edna v \u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0435.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nV dopl\u0148k\u016f ke v\u0161emu, u lid\u00ed li\u0161\u00ed citlivost na jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty kytice. Pozoruhodn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem \u2013 \u0440\u043e\u0442\u0443\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d, \u0441\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0435\u043d, kter\u00fd podle nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkum\u016f, je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za pep\u0159ovou chu\u0165 v \u010derven\u00fdch v\u00ednech, jako je \u0448\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u044b. Asi p\u011btina lid\u00ed v\u016fbec nen\u00ed c\u00edtit jeho z\u00e1pach.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nSklad chu\u0165ov\u00fdch dat tak\u00e9 vyplynulo, \u017ee \u010dtvrtina z n\u00e1s \u0433\u0438\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b konkr\u00e9tn\u011b k ho\u0159k\u00e9 slo\u017eky. Podobn\u011b, zhruba \u010dtvrtina obyvatel, naopak m\u00e1 velmi n\u00edzkou citlivost k \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nVelk\u00fd objem prac\u00ed byl proveden s odr\u016fdou sauvignon blanc, kter\u00fd je v mnoha ohledech je &#8222;modelem&#8220; v\u00edna.\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cm. experiment na vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed chuti v\u00edna<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nStudie uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee charakteristickou chu\u0165 v\u00edna z t\u00e9to odr\u016fdy je tvo\u0159en p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dv\u011bma t\u0159\u00eddami, kter\u00e9 definuj\u00ed spojen\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed \u2013 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043d\u044b s v\u016fn\u00ed zelen\u00e9ho pep\u0159e a \u010derstv\u00fdch bylinek, kter\u00e9 jsou obsa\u017eeny v ovoce ve f\u00e1zi sklizn\u011b a z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v nezm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 podob\u011b po kva\u0161en\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDruh\u00e1 \u2013 t\u0159i \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 thiol \u2013 sirn\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed b\u011bhem kva\u0161en\u00ed z l\u00e1tek ve slo\u017een\u00ed mladiny: 3MH, 3MHA a 4MMP. Tyto jsou zodpov\u011bdn\u00e9 za p\u0159\u00edjemnou v\u016fn\u00ed tropick\u00e9ho ovoce, grapefruitu a zimostr\u00e1z.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nMezi dal\u0161\u00ed slo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed chu\u0165 v\u00edn sauvignon blanc, r\u016fzn\u00e9 estery s ovocnou v\u016fn\u00ed, \u0430\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0434 C6 (\u0433\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c) s v\u016fn\u00ed pose\u010den\u00e1 tr\u00e1va a nezral\u00e9 ovoce; alkoholy a \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043f\u0435\u043d\u044b v sortimentu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Dnes jsou v cel\u00e9 byly u\u010din\u011bny pokusy vyu\u017e\u00edt poznatky o chemii v\u00edna pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed postup\u016f vinohradnictv\u00ed a vina\u0159stv\u00ed. Dech-od \u00farovn\u011b porozum\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9ho se poda\u0159\u00ed dos\u00e1hnout d\u00edky p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvku z analytick\u00e9 chemie, molekul\u00e1rn\u00ed biologie, mikrobiologie, botaniky a v\u00fdzkumu senzorick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my. No a samotn\u00fdch vina\u0159\u016f, samoz\u0159ejm\u011b)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed vinn\u00e9 \u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u2013 a to jak v \u010d\u00e1sti mechanismu vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed osobou, a v \u010d\u00e1sti chemick\u00fd z\u00e1klad v\u016fn\u011b \u2013 siln\u011b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c v&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2959","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informace"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2959"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2959\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2959"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2959"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2959"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}