{"id":2927,"date":"2020-01-09T11:24:19","date_gmt":"2020-01-09T08:24:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/skotska-whisky\/"},"modified":"2020-01-09T11:24:19","modified_gmt":"2020-01-09T08:24:19","slug":"skotska-whisky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/skotska-whisky\/","title":{"rendered":"Skotsk\u00e1 whisky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n<strong>Lepic\u00ed p\u00e1ska (Scotch)<\/strong> se vztahuje pouze k lahodn\u00e9mu moku, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 ve Skotsku (tj. nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt americk\u00e9 lepic\u00ed p\u00e1sky)\n <\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/b2def19aa65ff03e8d9339fa67733746.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>Whisky<\/strong> (podle Scotch Whisky Act 1988) \u2013 to siln\u00fd alkoholick\u00fd n\u00e1poj, kter\u00fd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vyroben zp\u016fsobem destilace ka\u0161e z obilovin, \u043e\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0439 sladu s pou\u017eit\u00edm nebo bez pou\u017eit\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch enzym\u016f, \u0441\u0431\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e pomoc\u00ed kvasinek do hradu ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 94,8 procent alkoholu v objemu, tak aby \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442 posedl\u00fd v\u016fn\u00ed a chut\u00ed, charakteristickou pro suroviny.<\/li>\n<li>Je namo\u010deno minim\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159i roky v d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00fdch sudech s kapacitou ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 700 litr\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\nSlovo whisky je odvozen od uiskie \u2013 sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed irsk\u00e9ho usequebaugh a gaelsk\u00fd uisge beatha kter\u00fd se p\u0159ekl\u00e1d\u00e1 jako &#8222;voda \u017eivota&#8220;. V latin\u011b se tento term\u00edn pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako n\u00e1zev jak\u00e9hokoli alkoholu, z\u00edskan\u00e9ho metodou destilace (lat. aqua vitae).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nMo\u017enost psan\u00ed whisky s dal\u0161\u00ed p\u00edsmeno &#8222;e&#8220; na konci \u2013 whiskey \u2013 je typick\u00e9 pro Irsko a USA. Lepic\u00ed p\u00e1ska (tj. skotsk\u00e1 whisky) je v\u017edy jen whisky.\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Historie skotsk\u00e9 whisky<\/li>\n<li>Regiony Skotska<\/li>\n<li>Druhy skotsk\u00e9 whisky<\/li>\n<li>Ozna\u010den\u00ed na etiket\u00e1ch<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 itemprop=\"name\">\nTo nebo to: jak\u00fd druh &#8222;whisky&#8220; v ru\u0161tin\u011b?<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p itemprop=\"acceptedAnswer\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"\/\/schema.org\/Answer\">\nV ru\u0161tin\u011b \u2013 st\u0159edn\u00ed nebo mu\u017esk\u00e9, pokud chcete zd\u016fraznit jeho \u0431\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. V angli\u010dtin\u011b n\u011bkdy dokonce i \u017eensk\u00e9, kdy\u017e cht\u011bj\u00ed odli\u0161it, \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c postojem k lahodn\u00e9mu moku.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nV modern\u00ed angli\u010dtin\u011b whisky \u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c &#8222;it&#8220;, ne uzn\u00e1n\u00ed rod podstatn\u00e9ho, ale v praxi anglicky mluv\u00edc\u00edch je normou u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eensk\u00fdch z\u00e1jmena s \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 objekty, efektn\u00edmi u reproduktoru je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b jemn\u00e9 emoce, bez ohledu na druh podstatn\u00e9ho, jako n\u011bco: obl\u00edben\u00fd stroj, sb\u011bratelsk\u00e1 zbra\u0148, v\u00edno atd. Tak \u017ee spory na toto t\u00e9ma jsou \u010dist\u011b ideologick\u00fd charakter.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f nebo \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f?<\/h3>\n<p>\nHistoricky \u2013 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f. Proto\u017ee v\u00edno (nejen v Rusku) se d\u0159\u00edve \u0159\u00edkalo jak\u00e9koliv \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0443 a robustn\u00ed alkohol z\u00edskan\u00fd &#8222;\u0432\u044b\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c&#8220; na ohni z p\u016fvodn\u00ed suroviny (nap\u0159. zrno \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442 n\u00e1zvem &#8222;\u0445\u043b\u0435\u0431\u043d\u044b\u043c v\u00ednem&#8220;). Tj. &#8222;kou\u0159en\u00ed v\u00edno&#8220; cht\u011bl \u0159\u00eddit ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442. <\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">V anglick\u00e9m jazyce pro produkt jedn\u00e9 (prvn\u00ed) destilace braga, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 n\u00edzk\u00fd stupe\u0148 (o n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e 20), je tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdv\u00e1n &#8222;low wine&#8220; &#8211; &#8222;slab\u00fd v\u00edno&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>Pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1zev &#8222;\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f&#8220; a taky opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u011b, proto\u017ee v z\u00e1klad\u011b ty sam\u00e9 procesy, prost\u011b, s uveden\u00edm kone\u010dn\u00e9ho produktu.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n V angli\u010dtin\u011b se tyto komplikace ne, v n\u011bm se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed slovo distillery \u2013 doslova &#8222;m\u00edsto, kde tr\u00e1v\u00ed \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e&#8220;, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159elo\u017eit i jako &#8222;\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f&#8220;, a jako &#8222;\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f&#8220; (pokud se jedn\u00e1 o v\u00fdrobu whisky), a jako &#8222;\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 shop&#8220; v obecn\u00e9m smyslu. A v posledn\u00ed dob\u011b p\u0159elo\u017een\u00fdch anglick\u00fdch textech se m\u016f\u017eete setkat a v\u016fbec \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u2013 &#8222;\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f&#8220;.\n <\/p>\n<h2>Historie whisky<\/h2>\n<p>\n\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0430\u044f legenda \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee Sv. Patrick poprv\u00e9 vyrobil whisky v Irsku p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v V. stolet\u00ed a ve Skotsku tento n\u00e1poj se dostal s migrac\u00ed kmen\u016f a \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kmenov\u00fdch ritu\u00e1l\u016f. Legenda m\u016f\u017ee \u0443\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c p\u0159i tom, \u017ee s\u00e1m Patrick, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se dozv\u011bd\u011bl o destilaci, zat\u00edmco ve st\u0159edn\u00ed Francii \u2013 p\u0159ed t\u00edm, jak j\u00edt jako mision\u00e1\u0159i do Irska.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nSkotsk\u00fd purist\u00e9 trvaj\u00ed na tom, \u017ee v jejich vlasti whisky se objevil bez jak\u00e9hokoliv zapojen\u00ed proti ir\u016fm.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nA\u0165 u\u017e to bylo, ale ke vzniku whisky, stejn\u011b jako mnoho jin\u00fdch podivuhodn\u00fdch n\u00e1poj\u016f, j\u00ed\u017e mni\u0161i. Oni se hnali whisky z obilovin, braga a zpo\u010d\u00e1tku jej pou\u017e\u00edvali pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dely.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/3e8190120e38fe269de9af44d47db6b5.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\n&#8222;Osm \u0431\u043e\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 sladu bratru Johnovi K\u016fru na rozkaz kr\u00e1le pro p\u0159\u00edpravu vody \u017eivota&#8220;, \u2013 uv\u00e1d\u00ed z\u00e1znam v pap\u00edrech skotsk\u00e9 ministerstvo financ\u00ed 1494 roku \u00fatl\u00e9ho p\u00edsemn\u00e9 zm\u00ednky o skotsk\u00e9 whisky, i kdy\u017e samotn\u00fd n\u00e1poj ur\u010dit\u011b tam byl po cel\u00e1 stalet\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nBall (boll) \u2013 skotsk\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed v objemu, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c, kter\u00e1 se rovn\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 212 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043c. Z 8 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 sladu nebylo by asi 1300 lahv\u00ed whisky, tj. to zjevn\u011b nen\u00ed prvn\u00ed \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 experiment bratra K\u016fra.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nTam je tak\u00e9 z\u00e1znam, \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f 1506 rok, o koupi whisky u \u0446\u0438\u0440\u044e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 pro kr\u00e1le Skotska Jakuba IV. Faktem je, \u017ee v Evrop\u011b toho \u010dasu \u0446\u0438\u0440\u044e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 byli prvn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010ditel\u00e9, \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 a l\u00e9ka\u0159i, jako\u017e i distributo\u0159i alkoholu: whisky p\u0159id\u011blen\u00e9 schopnost l\u00e9\u010dit t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echno na sv\u011bt\u011b, od \u017ealude\u010dn\u00ed koliky a\u017e tuberkul\u00f3zy a nemoc\u00ed srdce. Ale to neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee kr\u00e1l byl nemocn\u00fd: on je prost\u011b r\u00e1d zaklepat na porci-dal\u0161\u00ed siln\u00e9 (&#8222;bo\u017ee, Bo\u017ee, p\u0159ijmi za l\u00e9k&#8220;).\n<\/p>\n<p>\nI kdy\u017e v dob\u011b, whisky byl n\u00e1poj opravdu siln\u00e1 a ne v\u017edy bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u2013 nen\u00ed ten vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed nektar, jak ji zn\u00e1me dnes. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na hygienu v\u00fdroby, kvality a slo\u017een\u00ed surovin, \u010distoty a pevnosti, tak\u017ee v\u00fdsledek pit\u00ed whisky na\u0161imi p\u0159edky byla nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00e1. Ale, jak se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, &#8222;\u017ee nen\u00ed \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e, zp\u016fsobilo, \u017ee je siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed&#8220;.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nV polovin\u011b 1530\u0445 ve Spojen\u00e9m Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed prob\u011bhla \u0159ada n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch transformace jako v\u00fdsledek h\u00e1dky kr\u00e1le Jind\u0159icha VIII s \u0158\u00edmem kv\u016fli rozvodu s Kate\u0159iny Aragonsk\u00e9. \u0158\u00edmsk\u00e9 katolick\u00e9 kl\u00e1\u0161tery byly rozpu\u0161t\u011bny a v\u0161echny jejich majetek distribuov\u00e1n mezi anglick\u00e9 a skotsk\u00e9 \u0161lechty. Mnich musel zastavit v\u00fdrobu ritu\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u00edn a mnoho z nich se p\u0159esunuli k \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0446\u0438\u044e, nesouc\u00ed sv\u00e9 znalosti \u043c\u0438\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0430\u043c.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDo konce 17th stolet\u00ed se whisky stala tak popul\u00e1rn\u00ed, \u017ee skotsk\u00fd parlament se zhroutil a ulo\u017eil slad \u043d\u0435\u0449\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 dan\u00ed, kv\u016fli kter\u00e9 pr\u00e1vn\u00ed \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 sotva vyjde na nulu.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/1fe5828c909000aaa52d7dba46be8425.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nN\u00e1sledovalo dlouh\u00e9 obdob\u00ed pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed a ileg\u00e1ln\u00ed destilace. \u0412\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 a spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 whisky spojili sv\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, aby se obvykl\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota, bez placen\u00ed \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 dan\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nSituace byla podobn\u00e1 \u010dasy such\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona v USA, jen m\u00edsto temperamentn\u00ed \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0431\u044b a efektn\u00ed pron\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u010dern\u00fdch \u0444\u043e\u0440\u0434\u0430\u0445 v Evrop\u011b v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u0161li me\u010de a voz\u00edky. Ji\u017e tehdy byl n\u00e1pad vozit whisky v hrobech se schov\u00e1v\u00e1 v c\u00edrkevn\u00edch \u043a\u0430\u0444\u0435\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0445 a tajn\u00fdch sklepen\u00edch, \u0159\u00eddit v dob\u0159e skryt\u00fdch lesn\u00edch \u00fakryt\u016f a dokonce i jeskyn\u011b. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed skupiny upozorn\u011bn\u00ed a zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly, varov\u00e1n\u00ed o v\u00fdskytu \u00fa\u0159ad\u016f. Mezi tajn\u00e9 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 vznikaj\u00ed krvav\u00e9 z\u00fa\u010dtov\u00e1n\u00ed za kontrolu nad \u00fazem\u00edm \u2013 jako pozd\u011bji mezi jejich z\u00e1padn\u00ed &#8222;kolegov\u00e9&#8220; \u0431\u0443\u0442\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 b\u011bhem such\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nKoneckonc\u016f, p\u0159es 150 let v\u00e9voda Gordon (s\u00e1m je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b vlastnit impozantn\u00ed pod\u00edl st\u00ednov\u00e9 obchodu s whisky) m\u00e1 prosadila v parlamentu novelu z\u00e1kona, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 a zjednodu\u0161it v\u00fdrobu whisky. V roce 1823 ode\u0161el Spot\u0159ebn\u00ed Akt, kter\u00fdm se stanov\u00ed mal\u00fd licen\u010dn\u00ed poplatek a pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed poplatek s galony alkoholu, je mnohem men\u0161\u00ed platn\u00e9 d\u0159\u00edve. \u010cern\u00fd trh zmizel t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 \u00fapln\u011b.\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nMnoho slavn\u00fdch dnes v\u00fdrobci whisky, zkr\u00e1tka lid\u00e9 z podzem\u00ed, a &#8222;datem zalo\u017een\u00ed&#8220; na sou\u010dasn\u00fdch etiket\u00e1ch, je to nej\u010dast\u011bji datu z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00ed licence \u2013 je viditeln\u011b nov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e skute\u010dn\u00e9 datum zalo\u017een\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nV polovin\u011b 1800\u0445 whisky z\u00edskala nov\u00fd impuls ve v\u00fdvoji, a to d\u00edky dv\u011bma d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm okolnostem.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nV roce 1831 \u042d\u043d\u0438\u0430\u0441 Coffey (Aeneas Coffey) p\u0159edstavil sv\u016fj kostka pro kontinu\u00e1ln\u00ed destilaci, kter\u00e1 dostala stejn\u00fd n\u00e1zev (cu Coffey), \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f dodnes pro v\u00fdrobu n\u011bkter\u00fdch skotsk\u00fdch whisky, nebo\u0165 umo\u017e\u0148uje z\u00edskat kvalitn\u00ed a \u010dist\u00fd \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442, ani\u017e by se uchylovat k trval\u00e9mu \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e kuba.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/45a73dce348e530c98953e0256bbb367.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"remark\">\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 apar\u00e1t Coffie<\/p>\n<p>\nKrom\u011b toho, v druh\u00e9 polovin\u011b 18 stolet\u00ed se v kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed Evrop\u011b vypukla epidemie r\u00e9vokazem, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f v\u011bt\u0161inu vinic, v\u010detn\u011b s hrozny pro v\u00fdrobu brandy (hroznov\u00fd \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430). Na hled\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto pr\u016f\u0161vihu (v podob\u011b roubov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u00e9vy na americk\u00e9 ko\u0159eny) jsou pry\u010d deset let. Za je to \u010das na tr\u017en\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b brandy vznikla obrovsk\u00e1 d\u00edra, kterou ochotn\u011b \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e whisky.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nDnes se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed tis\u00edce druh\u016f lepic\u00ed p\u00e1sky, ale oni jsou v\u0161ichni nacpan\u00fd v jedn\u00e9 z hlavn\u00edch kategori\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Regiony skotsk\u00e9 whisky<\/h2>\n<p>\nGeografie a klima vliv na styly skotsk\u00e9 whisky \u2013 jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b s v\u00ednem, ale v men\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e a jin\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem. Vstup p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed vzduch a voda kolem pal\u00edrny. Jsou \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 vody. Jejich mineralizace a &#8222;m\u011bkkost&#8220; \u2013 d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed whisky. <\/p>\n<p>\nPob\u0159e\u017en\u00ed \u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438, \u043e\u0431\u0434\u0443\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 oce\u00e1nsk\u00e9 v\u011btry, \u010dasto produkuj\u00ed whisky s \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043c charakterem a t\u00f3ny mo\u0159sk\u00fd v\u00e1nek. Zat\u00edmco v\u00edce sv\u011b\u017e\u00ed a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0439 vzduch \u041d\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0439, stejn\u011b jako \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c vzduch ra\u0161eliny pustiny Orkneje, p\u0159in\u00e9st sv\u016fj charakter v m\u00edstn\u00ed alkoholy.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nJedna z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed whisky \u2013 &#8222;\u0434\u044b\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c&#8220; \u2013 je zp\u016fsoben pou\u017eit\u00edm ra\u0161eliny. Kou\u0159 z n\u011bj klade \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043c\u0443\u0441\u044f fiber-rich cel\u00fdch zrn rozpoznateln\u00e9 aroma, s \u00fasp\u011bchem se pohybuje v hotov\u00fd \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442. Nejv\u00edce jasn\u00e1 paralela s v\u00ednem \u2013 pou\u017eit\u00ed nov\u00fdch sud\u016f, jasn\u011b \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0435 v z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9m kytici. <\/p>\n<p>\nKou\u0159ov\u00e9 charakter ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed m\u00ed\u0159e vlastn\u00ed whisky z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti Skotska, kde p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0444\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0435 ba\u017einy.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nP\u0159esto, modern\u00ed technologie v\u00fdroby whisky umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovlivnit jeho styl, vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed faktory prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Nakonec, region\u00e1ln\u00ed styl whisky je ur\u010dena sp\u00ed\u0161e tradice, ne\u017e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u0443\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043c. <\/p>\n<h3>\n\u041a\u044d\u043c\u043f\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430\u0443\u043d (Campbeltown)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nJi\u017en\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st poloostrova, kdy\u017e n\u011bco \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0432\u0448\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044f hlavn\u00edm centrem v\u00fdroby whisky. Nyn\u00ed zde p\u016fsob\u00ed pouze t\u0159i rostliny, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich prost\u011b nen\u00ed p\u0159ekro\u010dil dob Velk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krize.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nWhisky odsud \u2013 vzorek rovnov\u00e1hy slanosti, medovo-kv\u011btinov\u00e9 sladkosti a \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e-\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0445 odst\u00edn\u016f.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nZ\u00e1stupci: Springbank, Glen Scotia, Glengyle<\/p>\n<h3>\nVyso\u010dina (Highlands) Vyso\u010diny<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nJiho-z\u00e1pad. Je to docela syt\u00e9 whisky, ale \u010dasto se sladkou kou\u0159ovou \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c, v\u00edce jako d\u00fdmkov\u00fd tab\u00e1k nebo kou\u0159 z grilov\u00e1n\u00ed, ne\u017e na ra\u0161elini\u0161t\u011b. Zde je tak\u00e9 mo\u017en\u00e9 naj\u00edt p\u0159\u00edjemnou o\u0159echovou, m\u00edrn\u011b ho\u0159k\u00fd n\u00e1dech \u2013 jako v ho\u0159k\u00e9 \u010dokol\u00e1d\u011b k\u00e1va a espresso.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nVe stejn\u00e9 dob\u011b, n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch mikro-klimatick\u00fdch z\u00f3n a rozd\u00edl ve slo\u017een\u00ed vody vedou k tomu, \u017ee Highland scotch m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it, pokud jde o m\u00edru \u0434\u044b\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, ho\u0159kosti a sladkosti.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nZ\u00e1stupci: Aberlour, Benriach, Glen Garioch, Glenmorangie, Glen Grant, Edradour, Dalmore, Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, Dalwhinnie, Clynelish, atd.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0421\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0434 (Speyside)<\/h3>\n<p>\nCentr\u00e1ln\u00ed sever Skotska. Zde je soust\u0159ed\u011bna v\u011bt\u0161ina v\u00fdrobn\u00edch z\u00e1vod\u016f.<br \/>\nRegion je zahrnuta v Highland (vyso\u010dina), ale vzhledem k jeho velikosti a stylu v\u00fdroby vy\u010dlen\u011bny do samostatn\u00e9 z\u00f3ny.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nWhisky z \u0421\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0430 obvykle v\u00edce ne\u017e nasycen\u00e9, v\u00edce \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044b, s medov\u00e9 a &#8222;\u0438\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438&#8220; pozn\u00e1mkami. Zde je kou\u0159ov\u00e9 vzorky, ale v\u011bt\u0161inou ne takov\u00e9 \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0444\u044f\u043d\u044b\u0435, jak v Isla.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nZ\u00e1stupci: Glenlivet, Glenfiddich, Glenfarclas, Macallan, Balvenie, Glenrothes, Benriach, Ardmore a mnoho, mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch.\n <\/p>\n<h3>\n\u041b\u043e\u0443\u043b\u044d\u043d\u0434 (Lowlands) Roviny<br \/>\n <\/h3>\n<p>\nTou pl\u00e1n\u00ed a ji\u017en\u00ed z region\u016f. Whisky odtud obvykle nen\u00ed kou\u0159ov\u00e9, ovocn\u00e9, kv\u011btinov\u00e9, lehce \u043f\u044c\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f. <\/p>\n<p>Z\u00e1stupci: Auchentoshan, Glenkinchie, Bladnoch.\n<\/p>\n<h3>\nOstrov (The Islands)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\n&#8222;Ostrovy&#8220; nelze zam\u011b\u0148ovat s ostrovem Isla na jihu, kter\u00fd stoj\u00ed s\u00e1m. Ostrovy, jako region, se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na sever.\n<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Skye (Skye) \u2013 rodi\u0161t\u011b \u0434\u044b\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e whisky \u0422\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435\u0440 (Talisker)<\/li>\n<li>Orkneje (Orkney) \u2013 m\u00edsto, kde se vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044b\u0435, sotva kou\u0159ov\u00e9 Highland Park (Highland Park) a Scapa (Scapa).<\/li>\n<li>Ostrov \u0416\u0443\u0440\u0430 (nebo \u0414\u0436\u0443\u0440\u0430) \u2013 stejnojmenn\u00fd \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044f Isle of Jura, vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed lehce uzen\u00fd whisky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\nAila (Islay)<br \/>\n<\/h3>\n<p>\nOstrov, na kter\u00e9m se produkuj\u00ed ta kou\u0159ov\u00e9 vzorky skotsk\u00e9 whisky: Laphroaig, Ardbeg, Caol Ila, Lagavulin, Bowmore a dal\u0161\u00ed.<br \/>\nJak bylo \u0159e\u010deno v\u00fd\u0161e, v t\u00e9to oblasti existuje a je mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b kou\u0159ov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, Bruichladdich uvol\u0148uje a &#8222;uzen\u00fd&#8220; a &#8222;uzen\u00e9&#8220; styly. Bunnahabhain \u2013 zcela \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f nen\u00ed \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0444\u0435.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nAle z\u00e1kladn\u00ed pravidlo je : Isla = \u0434\u044b\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"thesis\">\nTam jsou \u010detn\u00e9 nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti (\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b) , zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u00fdrobou whisky z \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e u r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0435\u043d. Jako v\u00fdrobci prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 nakoupen\u00fdch materi\u00e1lu, jeho trp\u011blivost a \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 s dal\u0161\u00edm prodejem pod jeho zna\u010dkou.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nJako v\u00fdrobci \u010dasto experimentuj\u00ed s typy sud\u016f (nap\u0159\u00edklad \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f whisky v sudech z pod rumu, portsk\u00e9ho v\u00edna, p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch sladk\u00fdch v\u00edn), dobou expozice a v\u016fbec sklon k experimentov\u00e1n\u00ed a netradi\u010dn\u00ed prvky v\u00fdroby.\n<\/p>\n<h2>Ozna\u010den\u00ed na etiket\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n<p>\nJak\u00e9 vlastnosti lze zjistit z etikety whisky:\n<\/p>\n<p id=\"cs\">\n<b>Cask strength<\/b> \u2013 \u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pevnost.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nObvykle vyrovnan\u00fd whisky p\u0159ed \u0431\u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c se \u0159ed\u00ed vodou a\u017e po tradi\u010dn\u00ed pevnosti 40-43 %. Pevnost whisky, kter\u00e1 je v sudu do konce minim\u00e1ln\u00ed expozi\u010dn\u00ed doby (3 roky) m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159es\u00e1hnout 60 stup\u0148\u016f. Tak whisky, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 p\u0159\u00edmo ze sudu bez vyrovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00b0 (whisky \u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 pevnosti) m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt obsah alkoholu v rozmez\u00ed od 50 do v\u00edce ne\u017e 70 % o.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/9e3b85830883b8b76fbc61e26d65ed12.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p id=\"sb\">\n<b>Single barrel \/ Single cask<\/b> (\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0435) \u2013 n\u00e1pis na \u0161t\u00edtku, kter\u00fd ukazuje na to, \u017ee whisky nen\u00ed \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d z r\u016fzn\u00fdch sud\u016f, a \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0442 z jedn\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed. Hodnota t\u011bchto whisky z hlediska v\u016fn\u011b a chuti je vn\u00edmanou hodnotou: whisky z vlastn\u00ed sudy v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee l\u00edbit v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b tradi\u010dn\u00ed \u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0430 dan\u00e9ho v\u00fdrobce. Ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je, \u017ee mno\u017estv\u00ed t\u00e9to whisky je v\u017edy velmi omezen\u00e9 \u2013 rozm\u011bry t\u00e9to sudy (viz tak\u00e9 \u0431\u043e\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f hrad)\n<\/p>\n<p><b><br \/>\nNon-chill filtered<\/b> \u2013 nen\u00ed uplynul\u00fd studen\u00e9 filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed\n <\/p>\n<p>\nNej\u010dast\u011bji p\u0159ed lahvov\u00e1n\u00edm le\u017e\u00ed toto lahv\u00ed whisky projde takzvanou &#8222;studenou filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8220;, jeho\u017e v\u00fdznam spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, aby filtrovat slou\u010deniny, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed kaln\u00e9 \u0432\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c p\u0159i chlazen\u00ed whisky. Faktem je, \u017ee spot\u0159ebitel\u00e9 se \u010dasto plete sediment, kter\u00fd se objev\u00ed na whisky v chladu (nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed ledu), i kdy\u017e nic \u0161patn\u00e9ho na n\u011bm nen\u00ed.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n Nav\u00edc, ve slo\u017een\u00ed t\u00e9to \u0432\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f a \u010d\u00e1st aromatick\u00fdch slou\u010denin. Proto n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdrobci d\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159ednost kytici vzhledu a ne, aby usp\u011bly v chladn\u00e9m filtrov\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u00e9ho whisky, o \u010dem a hl\u00e1s\u00ed n\u00e1pis na etiket\u011b.\n<\/p>\n<p>    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/41e9e2b5dc83fb6ae289509e8eb64ec8.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\nZaj\u00edmav\u00e9 t\u00e9ma pro znalce whisky jsou tak zvan\u00e9 &#8222;\u0432\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0438 duch\u016f&#8220;, tj. rostliny, kter\u00e9 ukon\u010dily svou pr\u00e1ci, ale jejich\u017e alkoholy byly splaceny uveden\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161e nez\u00e1visl\u00fdmi v\u00fdrobci a nyn\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro uvoln\u011bn\u00ed limit edice whisky nebo jsou prod\u00e1ny. \u010casto je to vhodn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edpad pro fandy nebo sb\u011bratele koupit whisky zaj\u00edmav\u00e9ho v\u011bku na hodnot\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed podobn\u00fdch vzork\u016f funguj\u00edc\u00edch tov\u00e1ren.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nSv\u011bt whisky se neust\u00e1le m\u011bn\u00ed. Zku\u0161enosti sou\u010dasn\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f a \u00farove\u0148 technick\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje vytvo\u0159it co nej\u0161ir\u0161\u00ed paletu chut\u00ed a styl\u016f whisky, \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e bohatstv\u00ed a rozmanitost: od stabiln\u00ed a vylad\u011bn\u00e9 \u0159ad velk\u00fdch zna\u010dek a\u017e neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch experiment\u016f ve verz\u00edch limited edition mal\u00fdch v\u00fdrobc\u016f.\n<\/p>\n<p>\nPijte, u\u010dte se, u\u017e\u00edvejte si! P\u0159ejeme v\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 degustace. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lepic\u00ed p\u00e1ska (Scotch) se vztahuje pouze k lahodn\u00e9mu moku, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 ve Skotsku (tj. nem\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt americk\u00e9 lepic\u00ed p\u00e1sky) Whisky (podle Scotch Whisky Act&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1268,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[52],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-informace"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2927"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2927\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1268"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vine-nn.ru\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}